Spinal Cord Trauma Treatment Market: Global Industry Analysis 2012 2016 and Forecast 2017 2025is the recent report of Persistence Market Research that throws light on the overall market scenario during the period of eight years, i.e. 2017-2025. According to this report, Globalspinal cord trauma treatment marketis expected to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

This growth is expected to be primarily driven by increasing incidence of spinal cord trauma, and increasing government support to reduce the burden of spinal cord injuries. Additionally, development of nerve cells growth therapy is expected to boost the market in near future.

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The global market for spinal cord trauma treatment is is estimated to be valued at US$ 2,276.3 Mn in terms of value by the end of 2017. The global spinal cord trauma treatment market is expected to expand at a CAGR of 3.7% over the forecast period to reach a value of US$ 3,036.2 Mn by 2025end.

Global Spinal Cord Trauma Treatment Market: Trends

Global Spinal Cord Trauma Treatment Market: Forecast by End User

On the basis of end user, the global spinal cord trauma treatment market is segmented into hospitals and trauma centers. Hospitals segment dominated the global spinal cord trauma treatment market in revenue terms in 2016 and is projected to continue to do so throughout the forecast period.

Hospitals and trauma centers segments are expected to approximately similar attractive index. Hospitals segment accounted for 53.2% value share in 2017 and is projected to account for 52.5% share by 2025 end.

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Global Spinal Cord Trauma Treatment Market: Forecast by Injury Type

On the basis of injury type, the global spinal cord trauma treatment market is segmented into complete spinal cord injuries and partial spinal cord injuries.

Partial spinal cord trauma treatment segment is expected to show better growth than the completed spinal cord treatment segment due to higher growth in the incidence rate of partial spinal cord trauma than the complete spinal cord trauma. With US$ 1,870.3 Mn market value in 2025, this segment is likely to expand at CAGR 3.8% throughout the projected period.

Global Spinal Cord Trauma Treatment Market: Forecast by Treatment Type

On the basis of treatment type, the global spinal cord trauma treatment market is segmented into corticosteroid, surgery, and spinal traction segments.

Surgery segment dominated the global spinal cord trauma treatment market in revenue terms in 2016 and is projected to continue to do so throughout the forecast period. Surgery segment is the most attractive segment, with attractiveness index of 2.6 over the forecast period.

Global Spinal Cord Trauma Treatment Market: Forecast by Region

This market is segmented into five regions such as North America, Latin America, Europe, APAC and MEA. Asia-Pacific account for the largest market share in the global spinal cord trauma treatment market.

Large patient population due to the high rate of road accidents and crime is making the Asia Pacific region most attractive market for spinal cord trauma treatment. On the other hand, MEA and Latin America is expected to be the least attractive market for spinal cord trauma treatment, with attractiveness index of 0.3 and 0.5 respectively over the forecast period.

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Adoption of Spinal Cord Trauma Treatment Market to Increase During the COVID-19 Period on back of Increased Consumer Demand - Jewish Life News

Spinal Cord Stem Cells Comments Off on Adoption of Spinal Cord Trauma Treatment Market to Increase During the COVID-19 Period on back of Increased Consumer Demand – Jewish Life News | April 28th, 2020

MOSCOW, 28 APR RIA Novosti. A new approach to the regeneration of organs that are unrivalled in price and efficiency, has been developed by scientists at the National research University MIET. They created the material, as explained by the authors, will allow to restore the cardiac tissue after a heart attack in just 2-4 months. Data published in the journal Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy.

the Experts of national research UNIVERSITY MIET for the first time in the world, according to them, managed to find a way of chemical bonding of carbon nanotubes with molecules of the most common blood protein albumin. Outdoor their physical mechanism has allowed us to develop a new method of laser 3D printing of nanocomposites.

Under the action of the laser between the albumin and carbon nanotubes there is a strong covalent bond that allows you to print the design specified shape. Living cells, e.g., connective tissue or myocardium easy root on some of the frames (scaffold), making possible the efficient recovery of damaged tissues of the body, said the head of the laboratory of biomedical nanotechnology, Institute of biomedical systems, national research UNIVERSITY MIET Alexander Gerasimenko.

As explained by scientists, they created cardiac implants is 3-4 times cheaper than Russian and 6-8 times cheaper than their foreign counterparts, outperforming both those, and others on a number of parameters. Except scaffolds used in tissue engineering, the technology is also suitable for the production of biosensors, microfluidic systems, and even advanced drugs against cancer.

We are able to print the material close to the characteristics of cardiac tissue: it can be reduced along with the myocardium and has electrical conductivity, the flowing currents of the heart. Our method also allows you to adjust the porosity of the structures, providing penetration as living cells and sprouting of capillaries and nerve endings, explained Alexander Gerasimenko.

Before implantation scaffold populated printed living cells and some time to ripen. As noted by experts of national research UNIVERSITY MIET, a number of successful experiments have shown that it can be used, including stem cells that can turn into cells of that tissue into which they are transplanted.

Scientists believe that their method will effectively deal with such pathologies as congenital heart disease and myocardial infarction, aneurysm, atherosclerosis and infarction. According to them, nano-composite patch on myocardial infarction after 2-4 months completely restores the affected area, and the frame is thus resolved.

the Scientists noted that the technology is implemented in close cooperation with leading Russian scientific centers. In the future, the team intends to proceed to introduce the method into clinical practice, and to adapt the technology for creating coatings for various implantable systems.

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In Russia figured out how to cure myocardial infarction in a matter of months - The KXAN 36 News

Cardiac Stem Cells Comments Off on In Russia figured out how to cure myocardial infarction in a matter of months – The KXAN 36 News | April 28th, 2020

By Guy Adams and John Naish Apr 25, 2020

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London - Modern science has scarcely presented a more crucial goal, offering untold riches and perhaps even a Nobel prize to the victor, as well as the chance to return the world to normal.

Yet the search for a cure for coronavirus is also uniquely perilous thanks to the dangers inherent in rushing new medical products to market.

Across the globe, thousands of researchers employed by governments, laboratories and drug firms are working flat-out to crack this all-important riddle.

As are endless armchair experts, whose numbers now evidently include Donald Trump.

Yesterday, the worlds most powerful man used a press conference to propose various highly unorthodox new treatments for coronavirus, including injecting disinfectant into the body and blasting patients with ultraviolet light.

Back in the real world, researchers are working tirelessly to combat the virus.

But while bullish claims have been made for a host of possible treatments, the truth is that scientists have little idea which ones might end up being of use.

Four months into the pandemic, we have had millions of people infected but no data yet to show that any particular treatment is especially effective, says Professor Babak Javid, the Principal Investigator at Tsinghua University school of medicine in Beijing, and a consultant in infectious diseases at Cambridge University Hospitals.

Nonetheless, here are some of the most likely candidates.

In mid-March, the American President used Twitter to amplify reports that Covid-19 patients could be successfully treated via a combination of the malaria drug hydroxychloroquine and a common antibiotic, Azithromycin.

In a later press conference, the President insisted that common sense qualified him to make such a claim, urging Americans to take it and asking them: What have you got to lose?

Well, quite a lot, as it turned out. The drugs have a catalogue of nasty side-effects, including an increased risk of cardiac arrest, skin blistering, hearing loss and an inability to move the eyes.

A study this week of 368 male coronavirus patients found that 28 per cent of those treated via hydroxychloroquine alone and 22 per cent who received both drugs (the malaria treatment and azithromycin) in U.S. hospitals died. This compares to a death rate of just 11 per cent for patients who received standard care without either drug.

Hope and hype about the drug Remdesivir have set Californian biotech firm Gileads share price soaring in recent weeks.

The medicine, which is administered via a drip, was originally developed to fight the ebola virus and works by interfering with its genetic makeup.

Although other drugs were soon found to be more effective at treating ebola, subsequent tests suggested Remdesivir had some effect on respiratory viruses such as Sars and Mers. It also appears to be relatively safe.

Gilead has so far given Remdesivir to 1,700 coronavirus patients, with dramatic effects reported in some cases. Two major studies, in the U.S. and Europe, are currently underway.

Sadly, a full-scale clinical trial in China, which has been running for longer, found no evidence it improved the fate of hospital patients, according to documents accidentally leaked this week by the World Health Organisation.

Gilead responded that these leaks contained inappropriate characterisations and insisted their findings were inconclusive.

One reason that the Chinese trials outcome was so disappointing could be that Remdesivir is likely to work best if administered early.

With Covid-19, the virus mostly replicates soon after infection, says Professor Javid. If you give the anti-viral later in the course of an illness, when a patient is hospitalised, there is not much virus left for the drug to attack.

The golden goose for pharmaceutical firms is to discover a new antibody treatment that can attach to individual particles of coronavirus and stop them wreaking havoc.

Two US drug companies, Amgen and Adaptive, recently announced a partnership to study recovered Covid-19 patients in an effort to identify and manufacture crucial virus-killing antibodies.

Another firm, Regeneron, has been conducting a study using the viruss genetic material in mice. Dozens of other companies are pursuing similar projects.

Although an antibody strategy was used against ebola, most new drugs take more than five years to develop, thanks among other things to rigorous testing designed to ensure they do not have dangerous side-effects.

This fashionable, if highly experimental, field involves harvesting blood from people who have recently recovered from coronavirus and donating it to patients who are still suffering from the disease.

Because blood plasma contains antibodies that have learned how to detect and destroy the virus, the theory is that a transfusion will kick-start the recipients ability to fight it.

Its quite easy to harvest plasma from surviving patients, says Professor Javid. It was done even during the Spanish Flu epidemic of 1918-19.

About 600 patients in America have already received this treatment. The NHS is also said to be preparing to carry out an extensive trial in the UK.

However, some experts have pointed out that many Covid-19 victims die because of an overactive immune response to the virus, causing inflammation of lungs and other vital organs. These experts worry that boosting a patients immunity via plasma therapy could actually worsen their condition.

Another problem with plasma therapy is the old-fashioned issue of supply and demand. A limited number of recovered patients are prepared to give blood, and only a finite amount can be taken from them.

However, technology now exists to manufacture synthetic antibodies using the blood of Covid-19 survivors.

Such monoclonal antibodies have become the standard treatment for ebola. Several laboratories have identified monoclonal antibodies that can apparently inhibit coronavirus in test-tubes.

Professor Javid warns, however: No one has yet worked out which of the promising monoclonal antibodies work best for Covid-19, or what might be the best way to use them in combination. This is why they are not in production yet for Covid-19.

Contracting HIV was once a virtual death sentence, but after decades of research, its now mostly a highly manageable condition thanks to a raft of well-tolerated drugs.

Indeed, many HIV drugs are now being touted as possible treatments for coronavirus, including Lopinavir and Ritonavir.

These are being trialled on coronavirus patients in studies at the Universities of Oxford and Nebraska.

But so far there is little evidence of them working outside of a laboratory setting.

The so-called master cells that develop into blood, brain, bones and organs have been touted as the basis for cures for cancer, heart disease and arthritis for years.

Little wonder, then, that the pioneering field of stem cell therapy is now being targeted at coronavirus. Among firms exploring this modish area are Mesoblast, whose boffins are testing bone-marrow cells to establish whether they can help patients develop immunity to the virus. In Wuhan, meanwhile, doctor Dongcheng Wu last month claimed hed treated nine patients by injecting umbilical stem cells. He said they all made a complete recovery within days. The success has not yet been convincingly replicated, however. Stem cell treatments are often risky, too when trialled on Parkinsons, they caused brain tumours.

Around half the patients who die with coronavirus suffer a so-called cytokine storm, in which their immune system goes into overdrive, causing, among other things, acute lung inflammation that stops them from taking on enough oxygen. With this in mind, many products designed to combat inflammation are now being trialled on Covid patients.

They include Tocilizumab, used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, and Dexamethasone, a steroid used against asthma.

The World Health Organisations Solidarity trial is meanwhile testing interferon-beta, which is used to treat multiple sclerosis.

Professor Javid believes immune drugs should be accompanied by effective antiviral treatment: We know from treating flu patients suffering cytokine storms that if you dampen their immune response without also giving them an antiviral drug, it can reduce the patients virus-fighting defences and allow the virus to run wild.

These are the cholesterol-lowering drugs prescribed to millions at risk of heart disease. Now scientists wonder if statins should be given to patients with severe Covid-19 symptoms, for two reasons.

Harvard University investigators recommend their use because they have anti-inflammatory powers.

Scientists added last month in the journal Drug Development and Research that statins have also shown an ability to moderate the immune system and thus protect patients lungs from cytokine storm damage.

Professor Jon Cohen, emeritus professor of infectious diseases at Brighton and Sussex Medical School, argues that while statins have shown potential in test-tube trials, in living patients they have only really shown benefits for the cardiovascular system.

In normal circumstances viruses develop a key that enables them to pick a cells locks and break in, hijacking the cells machinery to make more copies of the virus. Peptide inhibitors stick to this key, rendering it unable to do its job.

We already know that Covid-19 invades human cells through a protein receptor, ACE2.

The big question, therefore, is: what might block the coronavirus attaching to the ACE2 receptor?

Chemists at Illinois University used high-powered computers to identify the amino-acid chemicals in the ACE2 receptor that the virus targets. They then constructed a drug with amino-acids that should stick to the viruss key, rendering it useless.

But as the scientists acknowledge in journal ACS Nano this month, they have tested their chemical in computer simulations not in the lab and certainly not on humans. A lot of hurdles lie ahead.

Ultimately, most scientists agree that coronavirus prevention a vaccine is better than any treatment or cure.

Thats why governments are throwing the proverbial kitchen sink at efforts to create one, with more than 140 projects currently running in parallel all over the world.

Everyone expects a vaccine to appear in the end. But much hinges on how quickly that happens.

Thats why there was so much excitement this week when it emerged that scientists at Oxford University have already begun to conduct their first human vaccine tests.

Other clinical trials in humans are already underway in China.

Nevertheless, Professor Chris Whitty, Englands Chief Medical Officer, says the chance of a vaccine becoming available in the next calendar year are incredibly small.

Why? Because we can move only as quickly as extreme caution will allow, says inoculation expert Dr Kai Hu of Imperial College. He reports Imperials lab has already created a harmless pseudo-virus that carries a coronavirus protein. But, he stresses: Safety is our number one priority. We dont yet know how toxic the vaccine would be to humans.

Given Covid-19s devastating infectiousness, the world will have to keep its fingers crossed that the dash for an effective jab proves a success rather than inadvertently plunging humanity into further peril.

Three members of the same family are taking part in a groundbreaking coronavirus vaccine trial. Mum Katie, dad Tony and daughter Rhiannon Vinney are among more than 1,000 participants taking part in the Oxford University trials.

Teaching assistant Katie, 46, saw the plea for healthy volunteers and urged her husband, 53, who runs two pubs, and their 18-year-old student daughter to sign up with her.

The mum-of-four, from Oxford, said she was not worried about health risks from taking part, because she believes the team have done everything they could to make it safe.

She added: I just want to help so life can return to normal. You have to live in a cave not to know somebody who is affected by this. I really do hope this is the cure.

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Will the race for a Covid-19 cure end in triumph or tragedy? - IOL

Cardiac Stem Cells Comments Off on Will the race for a Covid-19 cure end in triumph or tragedy? – IOL | April 28th, 2020

By Sarah Parsons 28-Apr-2020

Hair Care | Ingredients | Skin Care

The Swiss-led speciality chemicals manufacturer Clariant Active Ingredients has developed two new plant-based ingredients

Speciality chemicals giant Clariant has unveiled its latest beauty ingredients.

This week, the Swiss-led company launched two new plant-based ingredients for skin and hair.

Clariant Active Ingredients, Clariant's beauty business unit, released Rootness Energize, an extract of Luffa cylindrica, otherwise known as Egyptian cucumber, and can also be used as a natural cleaning sponge.

Developed for the skin, Claraint claims that sustainably-sourced Rootness Energize is rich in bryonolic acid, and can increase energy production in skin cells and stimulate ATP production.

"In turn, Rootness Energize visibly increases skin elasticity and reduces age-related lack of tonicity and firmness appealing factors for products such as firming creams, skin elasticity boosters and revitalising care products for well-aging skin care," explained the company.

Reported visible results include more than a 20% increase in firmness, tonicity and elasticity with 1% Rootness Energize.

For the hair, Clariant Active Ingredients has developed EquiScalp to target tightness, extreme dryness, itchiness and redness.

Based on stem cells from the Central Asian Malus domestica apple tree, according to the firm, the ingredient protects the scalp as it maintains the level of healthy bacteria.

Malus domestica is said to contain concentrated phloridzin, which can control inflammation as well as sebum overproduction.

Clariant Active Ingredients recommends EquiScalp for oily scalp treatments, sensitive scalp formulas and scalp itch erasers.

Alexandre Lapeyre, Global Head of Marketing, Clariant Active Ingredients, described EquiScalp and Rootness Energize as examples of using technology to develop sustainable ingredients.

"We apply science to nature to create potent actives effective at addressing very specific beauty needs, each one underpinned by plant resources preservation, traceability, no exploitation of cultural land and ecological cultivation," Lapeyre said.

"In doing so, we help cosmetic formulators support consumers requests for scientifically-proven and sustainably-sourced plant derived ingredients.

Like this story? For the latest in ingredients, formulation, packaging and regulation subscribe to SPC Magazine, for more information click here.

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Clariant taps natural sponges and apple trees for new beauty ingredients - Cosmetics Business

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Clariant taps natural sponges and apple trees for new beauty ingredients – Cosmetics Business | April 28th, 2020

Although I live in New York City, many of my friends call Seoul, South Korea, home. Through our many FaceTimes, KakaoTalk messages, and visits, they've introduced me to trendy Korean beauty brands that haven't made their way to America yet, like Hince, Sioris, and Nonfiction. They also share their picks from K-beauty brands we know and love in the U.S., such as Sulwhasoo, Dr. Jart, and Nature Republic. Every time I hear about their favorite products, I'm fascinated by how different they are from our stateside K-beauty offerings.

We're only exposed to a fraction of what is available on the other side of the world, and we are missing out on dreamy lip tints, barely-there cushion foundations, and magical moisturizers. With this in mind, I put my friends' makeup, hair, and skin-care selections in one place.

Some background on the names I'm about to mention: Daniella is my clean beauty expert. Whenever I see her, she always gives me a bag full of goodies made with natural, cruelty-free ingredients. When I want to know about the hottest brands at the moment, I go to Haylie. Joyce, founder of consulting agency Talk to Her, always has her eye out for the latest K-beauty innovations. Tattoo artist Young, on the other hand, mixes classic imports, like SK-II and Urban Decay, with unexpected K-beauty finds.

Consider this a list of K-beauty products Koreans actually use.

All products featured on Allure are independently selected by our editors. However, when you buy something through our retail links, we may earn an affiliate commission.

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23 Best Korean Beauty Products, According to Koreans Hair, Makeup, Skin-Care Reviews - Allure Magazine

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on 23 Best Korean Beauty Products, According to Koreans Hair, Makeup, Skin-Care Reviews – Allure Magazine | April 28th, 2020

Mathais Fleury, Givaudans global category manager of biotech actives, told CosmeticsDesign-Asia that leveraging on green biotechnology would allow companies to find solutions to consumers desire for products that are natural, sustainable and high-performing.

Green Biotech truly is a key pillar of the future. Consumers are looking for more naturality while protecting nature a difficult challenge, made possible by biotech along with a high level of innovation, said Fleury.

Most recently, the Swiss company collaborated with South Korean biotech company BIO-FD&C to tackle two frustrating beauty concerns by leveraging on green biotechnology.

It recently unveiled two actives, K-phyto [SC] Camellia and K-phyto [PP] GHK, which were developed to address dry scalp and oily skin respectively.

This exclusive partnership with Bio FD&C leverages the untapped power of plants through stem cell cultures and unique phytopeptides. It allows our experts to offer innovative natural and reliable solutions for hair and skin care issues such as dry scalp and oily skin, while protecting our planet, said Fleury.

K-phyto [SC] Camellia is an ingredient obtained from camellia phytoplacenta cells culture.

According to the company, the active can increase the scalp moisture content by 13.8%. This reinforces the epidermal cohesion of the scalp keratinocytes and reduces dry flakes and dandruff down by 33.6%.

It also was observed soothe the scalp by being able to reduce erythema down 6.6%.

According to Givaudan, having botanical claims with popular ingredients such as camellia, more commonly known as Tsubaki in the region, can drive hair care product launches by 70% in APAC.

The second ingredient, K-phyto [PP] GHK, is a molecule that combines botanicals and peptides to act on the mechanisms of sebum production.

Clinical studies have shown facial sebum production reduction by 35.5% in two weeks and 67.5% in one month.

Oily skin is a major claim requested by the market, specifically in APAC. Clinical results with the phytopeptide we've chosen to bring to market are outstanding and we definitely believe this could be a game changer, said Fluery.

The Swiss firm believes that the two actives showed a lot of promise for the global market.

Our partner was already doing a very good job in its local market, but we want to leverage our access to different places over the world to highlight its expertise and know-how. This collaboration is a real opportunity to bring innovative ingredients to consumers globally, and that's why we'll offer these products to our partners all over the world, said Fleury.

Additionally, these ingredients are aligned with the ideals of clean beauty, one of the most talked-about trends in the beauty market right now.

The two technologies that we've identified in Bio FD&C portfolio are a perfect answer to this need of clean beauty combined with performance, said Fluery.

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'A key pillar of the future': Givaudan tips growth for ingredients developed with green biotech - CosmeticsDesign-Asia.com

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on ‘A key pillar of the future’: Givaudan tips growth for ingredients developed with green biotech – CosmeticsDesign-Asia.com | April 28th, 2020

CRANFORD, N.J., April 27, 2020 /PRNewswire/ --Citius Pharmaceuticals, Inc.. ("Citius" or the "Company") (Nasdaq: CTXR), a specialty pharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing critical care drug products, today announced that it submitted a pre-IND meeting request and supporting briefing documents to the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research ("CBER") of the FDA under the Coronavirus Treatment Acceleration Program (CTAP) on April 24. The Company has requested the Division's feedback to support the most expeditious pathway into the clinic to evaluate a novel cell therapy in patients suffering from COVID-19-related ARDS.

The cells, called NoveCite Cells or NC-MSCs, are made by Novellus, Inc. ("Novellus"), a Cambridge-based biotechnology company, using its patented mRNA-based cell-reprogramming process. NC-MSCs are mesenchymal stem cells derived from a single donor's fibroblasts that have been dedifferentiated into an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) master cell bank, thereby avoiding the need to source additional donor cells. The iPSCs are then further differentiated into a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy. Citius and Novellus plan to develop NC-MSCs for the treatment of ARDS, and last month the companies signed an exclusive option agreement.

The Company plans a multi-center randomized placebo-controlled dose-finding study followed by an expansion phase to assess the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of NC-MSCs in patients with moderate to severe ARDS due to COVID-19. The proposed trial, a Phase 1b/2 clinical trial, is titled "A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Dose-Finding Study Followed by a Dose Level Expansion to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of NoveCite MSCs in Subjects with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Due to SARS-CoV-2 Disease (COVID-19)," or "MARCO". The primary objectives of this study are to evaluate the safety and efficacy of NoveCite cells as a treatment for subjects with moderate-to-severe ARDS due to COVID-19 and to identify therapeutic doses.

"MSCs have an established track-record of clinical safety, and have shown promise in the treatment of inflammatory lung disease," said Matt Angel, PhD, co-founder and Chief Science Officer at Novellus, Inc. "Our research has shown that the NoveCite cells, being derived from mRNA-reprogrammed iPSCs, secrete higher levels of immunomodulatory proteins than donor-derived MSCs, and have unique manufacturing advantages."

"We believe we have the key elements in place from a clinical design and manufacturing point of view to evaluate this novel cell therapy approach to deal with the current pandemic," said Myron Holubiak, Chief Executive Officer of Citius. "ARDS is a very serious complication for many patients suffering from COVID-19, and is believed to account for about 80% of the deaths in ventilated patients. There is no proven or FDA-approved treatment for it, other than oxygen therapy, including use of mechanical ventilation, and fluid management. Literature from previous investigational studies with MSCs in the treatment of lung injuries support the idea that MSCs could prove effective in treating COVID-19-related ARDS. We look forward to our FDA discussions and are excited to be at the cusp of what could be a novel and effective therapy for ARDS."

About Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)ARDS is a type of respiratory failure characterized by rapid onset of widespread inflammation in the lungs. ARDS is a rapidly progressive disease that occurs in critically ill patients most notably now in those diagnosed with COVID-19. ARDS affects approximately 200,000 patients per year in the U.S., exclusive of the current COVID-19 pandemic, and has a 30% to 50% mortality rate. ARDS is sometimes initially diagnosed as pneumonia or pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs from heart disease). Symptoms of ARDS include shortness of breath, rapid breathing and heart rate, chest pain (particularly while inhaling), and bluish skin coloration. Among those who survive ARDS, a decreased quality of life is relatively common.

About Coronavirus Treatment Acceleration Program (CTAP)In response to the pandemic, the FDA has created an emergency program called the Coronavirus Treatment Acceleration Program (CTAP) to accelerate the development of treatments for COVID-19. By redeploying staff, the FDA is responding to COVID-19-related requests and reviewing protocols within 24 hours of receipt. The FDA said CTAP "uses every available method to move new treatments to patients as quickly as possible, while at the same time finding out whether they are helpful or harmful." In practice, that means developers of potential treatments for COVID-19 will benefit from an unusually faster track at the FDA to shorten wait times at multiple steps of the process.

About Citius Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Citius is a late-stage specialty pharmaceutical company dedicated to the development and commercialization of critical care products, with a focus on anti-infectives and cancer care. For more information, please visit http://www.citiuspharma.com.

About Novellus, Inc.Novellus is a pre-clinical stage biotechnology company developing engineered cellular medicines using its non-immunogenic mRNA, nucleic-acid delivery, gene editing, and cell reprogramming technologies. Novellus is privately held and is headquartered in Cambridge, MA. For more information, please visit http://www.novellus-inc.com.

Safe HarborThis press release may contain "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Such statements are made based on our expectations and beliefs concerning future events impacting Citius. You can identify these statements by the fact that they use words such as "will," "anticipate," "estimate," "expect," "should," and "may" and other words and terms of similar meaning or use of future dates. Forward-looking statements are based on management's current expectations and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could negatively affect our business, operating results, financial condition, and stock price. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those currently anticipated are: the risk of successfully negotiating a license agreement with Novellus within the option period; our need for substantial additional funds; the ability to access the FDA's CTAP program for the MARCO trial; the estimated markets for our product candidates, including those for ARDS, and the acceptance thereof by any market; risks associated with conducting trials for our product candidates, including those expected to be required for any treatment for ARDS and our Phase III trial for Mino-Lok; risks relating to the results of research and development activities; risks associated with developing our product candidates, including any licensed from Novellus, including that preclinical results may not be predictive of clinical results and our ability to file an IND for such candidates; uncertainties relating to preclinical and clinical testing; the early stage of products under development; risks related to our growth strategy; our ability to obtain, perform under, and maintain financing and strategic agreements and relationships; our ability to identify, acquire, close, and integrate product candidates and companies successfully and on a timely basis; our ability to attract, integrate, and retain key personnel; government regulation; patent and intellectual property matters; competition; as well as other risks described in our SEC filings. We expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect any change in our expectations or any changes in events, conditions, or circumstances on which any such statement is based, except as required by law.

Contact:Andrew ScottVice President, Corporate Development(O) 908-967-6677 x105ascott@citiuspharma.com

View original content:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/citius-announces-pre-ind-submission-to-fda-under-the-coronavirus-treatment-acceleration-program-for-a-novel-stem-cell-therapy-for-acute-respiratory-distress-syndrome-ards-in-covid-19-301047150.html

SOURCE Citius Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

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Citius Announces Pre-IND Submission to FDA Under the Coronavirus Treatment Acceleration Program for a Novel Stem Cell Therapy for Acute Respiratory...

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Citius Announces Pre-IND Submission to FDA Under the Coronavirus Treatment Acceleration Program for a Novel Stem Cell Therapy for Acute Respiratory… | April 27th, 2020

Stem Cell Restore is a formula that works toward improving your health on a cellular level to decrease age-related weakness and fatigue. This product employs natural ingredients for reaching its goals such as resveratrol, black current cocktail, icariin, and grape seed.

Multiple research works from renowned universities back the approach that this product takes. The best part is that it makes you feel stronger, younger, more refreshed, and more energetic without requiring you to get injected with needles. A simple and convenient solution. Another anti-aging plus weight loss supplement that you can opt for is Resurge. This is a new formula by John Barban. Interested folks can learn more about Resurge customer reviews on USAToday.

Stem Cell Restore Review

Aging is the only thing in your life that is bound to happen. Unfortunately, it is not the best experience. Sure, it gives you wisdom, but those wrinkles, that weakness, declining energy levels all these negative factors completely loot the good things. After all, no one likes to wake up in the morning to feel down and weak. No one likes it when it their joints ache or when they look in the mirror to see a dull reflection.

This brings us to possible solutions that you can go for. One of these is Stem Cell Restore. This is a potent dietary supplement that has been made using natural ingredients. The product is backed by science which is what marks it as reliable. Since it comes in the form of capsules, it can be a convenient addition to your routine. Hence, if you are on the lookout for an age-reversing formula, this is one that you can invest in.

Why Choose This Product?

Around the globe, women and men alike are waiting for a magical solution for saving themselves from accelerated aging. There certainly are many options available out there. However, most of these are not worth it. Why? Because they come with negative side effects. Not to mention, these so-called techniques for erasing the effects of aging are all supremely painful. They involve countless injections or an elaborate surgery.

Would you like to still go for these youth preserving tactics? Surely, youre at the very least hesitant. If you decide to go ahead nevertheless, know that the procedures are expensive. They cost hundreds of dollars and still, they are unnatural and eventually make your skin sag. This is where Stem Cell Restore comes into the picture and steals the limelight. The dietary supplement is based on the concept of stem cell surgery.

However, it has three favorable points that win over any surgery. First of all, it doesnt cost as much. In fact, you get to become youthful, energetic, and strong all with a solution that is less than $100. Secondly, the product happens to be completely natural. It doesnt contain any harmful components such as chemicals, additives, preservatives, and the like. This translates to safe usage. Lastly, theres no needles involved; you are just supposed to take the pills regularly.

Working Of This Product

Stem Cell Restore taps into the idea of repairing cells and rejuvenating them. By doing so, it is able to refresh your health completely. All your parts from tendons and joints to your heart and kidneys are able to function better as a result. Old cells are repaired at a fast rate and new ones are created. This makes you feel fresher, and more active. Its not uncommon of people to experience bodily aches and fatigue after crossing 30 years of age.

This product is a suitable solution for everyone. It gets to the core of preserving youth and improves health. Moreover, it also tackles the issue of inflammation which is what disturbs health in numerous ways. Unlike mainstream products, your skin is not the only organ that benefits. In fact, your entire body experiences the effects. To reach its goals, the formula employs only natural ingredients which are effective at their job. As mentioned above, Resurge is another formula for deep sleep and anti-aging. It comes with a money-back guarantee. You can check out more Resurge reviews on Yahoo Finance before deciding which one to buy among the two.

Ingredients Of This Product

Stem Cell Restore has an entirely natural composition. It doesnt comprise of any such ingredients which can have damaging effects in the short- or long-run. The product is a winner mainly because of this. No additives, fillers or other such harmful components are present in the formula. Since all the ingredients are completely organic you dont have to worry about any negative side effects of use. Lets take a look at the ingredients:

Pricing Of The Product

Did you know that you can get this product for absolutely free? Yes, thats true. For a trial period, the dietary supplement is entirely free of cost. You just have to pay for shipping and handling which just requires $9.95 from your wallet. The trail period lasts for 30 days.

If the product satisfies you, its yours and automatically charges are deducted from your account or card. Thats simple and gives you a chance to see whether or not this supplement actually works. There are also three bonus products that tag along with this supplement. These come for free as well. Heres a list of the bonus product that accompany:

Verdict

Stem Cell Restore is a great product for maintaining youthful energy and strength. The product is great for recovering from the pain and fatigue that usually occurs after the age of 30. This formula repairs and encourages the production of cells through the body. In this way, it improves each organs functionality and hence, overall health. You can know more about this dietary supplement by visiting its website online.

Related

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Stem Cell Restore Helps Regain Youthful Strength And Energy - ZOBUZ - Zobuz

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Stem Cell Restore Helps Regain Youthful Strength And Energy – ZOBUZ – Zobuz | April 27th, 2020

As the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 surges past 2.5 million globally with deaths at 177,115 (as of April 22), clinicians and pathologists are struggling to understand the damage its wrought. They realize that although the lungs are ground zero, its reach can extend to many organs: Its viciousness is breathtaking and humbling.

When an infected person expels virus-laden droplets and someone else inhales them, this coronavirus enters the nose and throat. It finds a welcome home in the lining inside the nose. Cells there are rich in a surface receptor (pandikit) called angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which the virus requires to enter the cell. Once inside, the virus hijacks the cells reproductive machinery, making myriad copies of itself and invading new cells.

A virus can copy anything it wants and can even make itself comfortably adapt to the environment where it chooses to stay while killing the normal cells of your body.

As it multiplies, an infected person may shed copious amounts of it, especially during the first week or so. Symptoms may be absent or the infected may develop fever, dry cough, sore throat, loss of smell and taste, or head and body aches.

Photo from dermatologyadvisor.com

If the immune system does not fight back, the virus then marches down the windpipe to attack the lungs, where it can turn deadly. This is because the thinner, distant branches of the lungs respiratory tree end in tiny air sacs called alveoli, which are also rich in ACE2 receptors. The virus can attach itself again and wreak havoc.

Normally, oxygen crosses the air sacs into the capillaries, tiny blood vessels that lie beside them. The oxygen is then carried to the rest of the body. COVID infection disrupts this healthy oxygen transfer. The front liners of our immune system, white blood cells, release inflammatory molecules called chemokines that summon more immune cells to target and kill virus-infected cells, leaving a stew of fluid and dead cells pus behind. This results in pneumonia: coughing, fever and rapid, shallow breathing.

Some COVID-19 patients recover, sometimes with no support other than oxygen. But others deteriorate, often suddenly, developing a condition called acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The oxygen levels in their blood plummet and they struggle even harder to breathe. On X-rays and computed tomography scans, their lungs are riddled with white opacities (areas without air). Commonly, these patients end up on ventilators. Many die. Autopsies show their alveoli became stuffed with fluid, white blood cells, mucus and the detritus of destroyed lung cells.

The invaders impact does not end there. The bodys response to destroy it can injure even more organs. Clinicians suspect that the driving force in many gravely ill patients downhill trajectories is a disastrous overreaction of the immune system, or cytokine storm.

Cytokines are chemical signaling molecules that guide a healthy immune response, but in a cytokine storm, levels of certain cytokines soar far beyond whats needed, and immune cells start to attack healthy tissues. Blood vessels leak, blood pressure drops, clots form and catastrophic organ failure can ensue.

Cardiovascular damage occurs.Kidneys, liver, blood vessels, the skin and brain are affected as well.Blood clots can break apart and land in the lungs, blocking vital arteries a condition known as pulmonary embolism that can kill COVID-19 patients.

Brain incursion via the nose can reach the olfactory bulb, inducing loss of smell. Clots from arteries can also lodge in the brain, causing a stroke.

Some people with COVID-19 briefly lose consciousness. Doctors wonder whether in some cases, infection depresses the brain stem reflex that senses oxygen starvation, which explains why some patients are not gasping for air, despite dangerously low blood oxygen levels.

COVID-19 can also infect the lining of the lower digestive tract, where ACE2 receptors are abundant. Viral RNA has been found in as many as 53 percent of patients stool samples, raising the unsettling possibility that it could be passed on through feces. As of this writing, theres no evidence that fecal transmission can occur.

Others develop conjunctivitis pink, watery eyes, others had elevated levels of enzymes indicating injury to the liver or bile ducts.But this may also be due to drugs or an over-driven immune system.

Lastly, cutaneous or skin manifestations have been reported in COVID-19 patients:

Generalized sporadic red rasherupting along the trunk or extremities that are typically transient and resolve on their own. They may be very itchy. Sometimes this can be confused with dengue.

Petechiae.Pinpoint bleeding underneath the skin that does not disappear when pressure is applied.

Generalized urticaria are wheal-like rashes that can coalesce together to form large plaques.

Vesicular eruptionmimicking varicella (chicken pox) blisters.

Vasculopathic presentations. Frostbite-like lesions on the feet and hands multifocal, often asymmetric patches manifest in two to three days. It then evolves to the formation of blisters, to bruises or necrosis (black, dead skin).Sometimes they appear as red, purplish bumps on the feet and hands that evolve into hemorrhagic bullae, or develop a blackish crust due to damage to the lining of the blood vessels, leading to clots that block blood vessels. These can lead to ulcer or gangrene formation, and death.

Acute hemorrhagic edema in infants.Sudden swelling of limbs with patches of bruises in a well-appearing child, before the rash dissipates in 48 hours along with the swelling.

Erythematouslarge patches scattered all over the body that may be slightly itchy.

Localized extreme pruritus,like in the wrist or ankle areas only.

This map of the devastation that COVID-19 can inflict on the body is still just a sketch. It will take years of painstaking research to sharpen the picture of its reach.

* * *

For inquiries, call 8401-8411 or 0917-497-6261, 0999-883-4802 or email gc_beltran@yahoo.com. Follow me on facebook@dragracebeltran.

Continued here:
COVIDs devastation on the body includes the skin - Philippine Star

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on COVIDs devastation on the body includes the skin – Philippine Star | April 27th, 2020

Cosmetic Skin CareMarketBusiness Insights and Updates:

The latest Marketreport by a Data Bridge Market Researchwith the title[Global Cosmetic Skin CareMarket Industry Trends and Forecast to 2026].The new report on the worldwide Cosmetic Skin CareMarketis committed to fulfilling the necessities of the clients by giving them thorough insights into the Market. The various providers involved in the value chain of the product include manufacturers, suppliers, distributors, intermediaries, and customers.The reports provide Insightful information to the clients enhancing their basic leadership capacity identified.Exclusive information offered in this report is collected by analysis and trade consultants.

Global cosmetic skin care market is set to witness a substantial CAGR of 5.5% in the forecast period of 2019- 2026.

Cosmetic skin care is a variety of products which are used to improve the skins appearance and alleviate skin conditions. It consists different products such as anti- aging cosmetic products, sensitive skin care products, anti- scar solution products, warts removal products, infant skin care products and other. They contain various ingredients which are beneficial for the skin such as phytochemicals, vitamins, essential oils, and other. Their main function is to make the skin healthy and repair the skin damages.Get PDF Samplecopy(including TOC, Tables, and Figures) @https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/request-a-sample/?dbmr=global-cosmetic-skin-care-market

Thestudy considers the Cosmetic Skin CareMarketvalue and volume generated from the sales of the following segments:Major Marketmanufacturerscovered in the Cosmetic Skin CareMarketare:LOral, Unilever, New Avon Company, Este Lauder Companies, Espa, Kao Corporation, Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc., Procter & Gamble, Beiersdorf, THE BODY SHOP INTERNATIONAL LIMITED, Shiseido Co.,Ltd., Coty Inc., Bo International, A One Cosmetics Products, Lancme, Clinique Laboratories, llc., Galderma Laboratories, L.P., AVON Beauty Products India Pvt Ltd, Nutriglow Cosmetics Pvt. Ltd, Shree Cosmetics Ltd

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Get Table of Contents with Charts, Figures & Tables @https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/toc/?dbmr=global-cosmetic-skin-care-market

Based on regions, the Cosmetic Skin CareMarketis classified into North America, Europe, Asia- Pacific, Middle East & Africa, and Latin AmericaMiddle East and Africa (GCC Countries and Egypt)North America (United States, Mexico, and Canada)South America(Brazil, Argentina etc.)Europe(Turkey, Germany, Russia UK, Italy, France, etc.)Asia-Pacific(Vietnam, China, Malaysia, Japan, Philippines, Korea, Thailand, India, Indonesia, and Australia)

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About Us:Data Bridge Marketresearch endeavors to provide appropriate solutions to the complex business challenges and initiates an effortless decision-making process Data Bridge set forth itself as an unconventional and neoteric Marketresearch and consulting firm with unparalleled level of resilience and integrated approaches. We are determined to unearth the best Marketopportunities and foster efficient information for your business to thrive in the Market.We ponder into the heterogeneous Markets in accord with our clients needs and scoop out the best possible solutions and detailed information about the Markettrends. Data Bridge delves into the Markets across Asia, North America, South America, Africa to name few.

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Cosmetic Skin Care Market to see impressive Growth by 2027| Leading Companies- L'Oral, Unilever, Espa, Kao, Johnson & Johnson - Cole of Duty

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Cosmetic Skin Care Market to see impressive Growth by 2027| Leading Companies- L’Oral, Unilever, Espa, Kao, Johnson & Johnson – Cole of Duty | April 27th, 2020

(L-R) Professor Geoff Lindeman and Professor Jane Visvader

are joint heads of the Institutes ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer

Division.

Using advanced three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques, the team observed how the immune cells monitor for threats in the mammary ducts and help to maintain tissue health by eating up dying milk-producing cells needing to be cleared away once lactation stops.

The preclinical research was led by Walter and Eliza Hall Institute researchers Dr Caleb Dawson, Professor Geoff Lindeman and Professor Jane Visvader, along with Dr Anne Rios who is now based at the Princess Mxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Netherlands. It was published today in the journal Nature Cell Biology.

Institute breast cancer researcher Dr Caleb Dawson.

The mammary gland is a dynamic organ that undergoes dramatic remodelling throughout life. The branching ducts bloom to form milk-producing factories in lactation, which must be eliminated once lactation stops. Mammary ducts are of particular interest to breast cancer researchers because this site is prone to cancer development.

While exploring mammary ducts using high-resolution imaging techniques, Dr Dawson said the researchers were surprised to discover a new immune cell type, and its specific role in maintaining healthy, intact breast tissue.

We discovered an entirely new population of specialised immune cells, which we named ductal macrophages, squeezed in between two layers of the mammary duct wall.

We were excited to find that these cells play an essential role at a pivotal point in mammary gland function called involution when lactation stops, milk-producing cells die and breast tissue needs to remodel back to its original state, he said.

We watched incredulously as the star-shaped ductal macrophages probed with their arms and ate away at dying cells. The clearing action performed by ductal macrophages helps redundant milk-producing structures to collapse, allowing them to successfully return to a resting state, Dr Dawson said.

When the researchers later removed ductal macrophages from the mammary ducts they discovered that no other immune cells were able to swiftly carry out this essential process.

Most organs in the body including the brain, liver, lung, skin and intestine have their own population of macrophages a name of Greek origin that means big eater. These cells play important roles in regulating infection, inflammation and organ function within their sites of residence.

Professor Visvader said discovering mammary duct-specific macrophages was a remarkable step forward in understanding how the immune system interacted with the ductal network and impacted upon mammary gland development.

As breast cancer researchers, there is a need to understand which cells are doing what, so that we can identify how these intricate cellular processes become dysregulated, such as in the case of breast cancers, she said.

More than 19,000 Australians are diagnosed with breast cancer every year. It is the most common cancer in Australian women.

Dr Dawson said that going forward, the team hoped to explore the function of ductal macrophages at different stages of mammary gland development, such as the transitions into adulthood and pregnancy.

We also want investigate the role that these duct-specific immune cells play in helping cancer to grow and spread.

Ductal macrophages are spread throughout the mammary ducts. As cancer grows, these macrophages also increase in number. We suspect that theres the potential for ductal macrophages to inadvertently dampen the bodys immune response, which would have dangerous implications for the growth and spread of cancer in these already prone sites, Dr Dawson said.

Professor Visvader said the teams ultimate goal was to understand these cells enough to manipulate them.

Given that tumour macrophages likely promote growth of the tumour, blocking their activity could serve as a treatment strategy for breast cancer, she said.

The research was supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council, the National Breast Cancer Foundation, the Australian Cancer Research Foundation, The Qualtrough Cancer Research Fund, Cure Cancer Australia and the Victorian Government.

Read more:
New type of immune cell discovered in breast ducts - Mirage News

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on New type of immune cell discovered in breast ducts – Mirage News | April 27th, 2020

Astrocytes play a direct role in the regulation of neuronal circuits involved in learning and memory, according to new research from Baylor College of Medicine and M.D. Anderson Cancer Center.

Huang et al reveal region-specific transcriptional dependencies for astrocytes and identify astrocytic NFIA as a key transcriptional regulator of hippocampal circuits. Image credit: Huang et al, doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.03.025.

Astrocytes are star-shaped glial cells in the brain and spinal cord.

They have unique cellular, molecular and functional properties and outnumber neurons by over fivefold. They occupy distinct brain regions, indicating regional specialization.

There is evidence suggesting that transcription factors proteins involved in controlling gene expression regulate astrocyte diversity.

A team led by Professor Benjamin Deneen from Baylor College of Medicine looked to get a better understanding of the role transcription factor NFIA, a known regulator of astrocyte development, played in adult mouse brain functions.

The researchers worked with a mouse model they had genetically engineered to lack the NFIA gene specifically in adult astrocytes in the entire brain.

They analyzed several brain regions, looking for alterations in astrocyte morphology, physiology and gene expression signatures.

We found that NFIA-deficient astrocytes presented defective shapes and altered functions, Professor Deneen said.

Surprisingly, although the NFIA gene was eliminated in all brain regions, only the astrocytes in the hippocampus were severely altered. Other regions, such as the cortex and the brain stem, were not affected.

Astrocytes in the hippocampus also had less calcium activity calcium is an indicator of astrocyte function as well as a reduced ability to detect neurotransmitters released from neurons.

NFIA-deficient astrocytes also were not as closely associated with neurons as normal astrocytes.

Importantly, all these morphological and functional alterations were linked to defects in the animals ability to learn and remember, providing the first evidence that astrocytes are to some extent controlling the neuronal circuits that mediate learning and memory.

Astrocytes in the brain are physically close to and communicate with neurons. Neurons release molecules that astrocytes can detect and respond to, Professor Deneen said.

We propose that NFIA-deficient astrocytes are not able to listen to neurons as well as normal astrocytes, and, therefore, they cannot respond appropriately by providing the support needed for efficient memory circuit function and neuronal transmission. Consequently, the circuit is disrupted, leading to impaired learning and memory.

The findings were published online in the journal Neuron.

_____

Anna Yu-Szu Huang et al. Region-Specific Transcriptional Control of Astrocyte Function Oversees Local Circuit Activities. Neuron, published online April 21, 2020; doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.03.025

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Study Reveals New Role of Astrocytes in Brain Function | Neuroscience - Sci-News.com

Spinal Cord Stem Cells Comments Off on Study Reveals New Role of Astrocytes in Brain Function | Neuroscience – Sci-News.com | April 27th, 2020

Advancing your induced pluripotent stem cells or human embryonic stem cell therapy research to clinical applications requires careful material selection because the quality of starting materials significantly impact the properties of your final stem cell therapy product. Gibco CTS products have been developed to ease the transition from stem cell therapy research to clinical applications by providing high quality GMP manufactured, commercial scale ancillary materials with a high degree of qualification, traceability and regulatory documentation. In an effort to help you maximize the potential of your stem cell research and therapy, and simplify the transition to clinic-ready processes, we offer an extensive selection of research use stem cell research products with complementary CTS formulations. Our CTS products are used in commercially approved cell therapies as well as over 100 clinical trials and are backed by our professional regulatory support and over 30 years of GMP manufacturing experience.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) , sometimes collectively referred to as pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), are cells that have the ability to renew themselves indefinitely and differentiate into almost any cell type when exposed to the right microenvironment. These unique properties enable the application of induced pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells in disease modeling, drug discovery, drug toxicity testing, and cell therapy. Strikingly, most embryonic stem cell and induced pluripotent stem cell applications have the potential to improve human health, none more directly so than ESC or iPSC therapy. The most intuitive approach for ES or iPS cell therapy is to transplant PSC-derived cells for the direct replacement of damaged or degenerated cells or tissue. However, there are many other approaches to ES or iPS stem cell therapy such as transplanting PSC-derived cells that then release signals triggering endogenous repair mechanisms.

At Thermo Fisher Scientific, we support the development of your human embryonic stem cell therapy or induced pluripotent stem cell therapy from the earliest stages of research and all the way to the clinic. We offer high-quality products across the iPS cell therapy workflow from reprogramming to differentiation. Most Gibco media and supplements for culture and differentiation are manufactured under GMP conditions at sites that use methods and controls that conform to current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) for medical devices. These manufacturing sites are ISO 13485 and ISO 9001certified, and the rigorous practices we adhere to at these sites help ensure the consistency, reliability, and high quality of a wide variety of iPSC therapy workflow reagents.

To further help you maximize the potential of your research and streamline your transition to the clinic, we offer Gibco Cell Therapy Systems (CTS) equivalents for many of our research-use products. In addition to GMP manufacturing, Gibco CTS products undergo quality control testing and are accompanied by appropriate documentation so you can transition your cell therapy to the clinic with confidence.

*Adherence to supplier related responsibilities of USP<1043>

First off-the-shelf reprogramming system manufactured in accordance with GMP requirements. CTS CytoTune 2.1 kit offers high-efficiency Sendai delivery of reprogramming factors.

Click image to enlarge

Efficient reprogramming from adult human dermal fibroblasts, T cells, and CD34+ cells. These data demonstrate that the CytoTune-iPS 2.1 kit can be used to successfully reprogram human dermal fibroblasts (HDFa), T cells, and CD34+ cells.

Gibco CTS Essential 6 Medium is a xeno-free, feeder-free, cGMP-manufactured medium which supports the spontaneous or directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) and the reprogramming of somatic cells.

Based on the widely cited Gibco Essential 8 Medium, Gibco CTS Essential 8 Medium is the first globally available human- and animal originfree culture medium for human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and is designed to meet international regulatory requirements for cell therapy.

Click image to enlarge

Using Applied Biosystems TaqMan hPSC Scorecard Panel analysis, Gibco CTS Essential 8 Medium and research-use-only Essential 8 Medium were shown to support comparable expression of PSC markers and lineage markers in undifferentiated PSCs and PSC-derived embryoid bodies.

CTS Vitronectin (VTN-N) Recombinant Human Protein is a defined matrix for feeder-free culture of iPSCs. Designed in the laboratory of James Thomson, this recombinant protein is intended for use with the CTS Essential 8 culture system.

CTS RevitaCell Supplement (100X) is an animal-origin-free, chemically defined supplement used with PSCs for post-thaw recovery or in combination with CTS Essential 8 Medium for single cell passaging. To minimize both the loss of cell viability and differentiation of PSCs, use the CTS PSC Cryopreservation Kit.

CTS Versene is a gentle non-enzymatic cell dissociation reagent for use in routine clump passaging of PSCs while maintaining viability over multiple passages.

For the cryopreservation and recovery of PSCs, the CTS PSC Cryopreservation Medium and CTS RevitaCell Supplement minimize the loss of cell viability and maximize post-thaw recovery when used in combination. Both reagents are included in the CTS PSC Cryopreservation Kit.

The CTS PSC Cryopreservation Medium is a xeno-free solution for the cryopreservation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). Both CTS PSC Cryopreservation Medium and CTS RevitaCell supplement are included in the CTS PSC Cryopreservation Kit that helps minimize loss of cell viability and maximize post-thaw recovery.

CTS KnockOut SR XenoFree Medium is a defined, xeno-free serum replacement based on the traditional Gibco KnockOut Serum Replacement, which has been cited in more than 2,000 publications and trusted for over 20 years.

Maintenance of pluripotency using CTS KNOCKOUT SR XenoFree Medium. Following 10 passages in either KSR (left lane) or KSR XenoFree CTS (right lane) on HFF attached with CELLstart substrate, BG01v gene expression was examined (top). Gene expression of embryoid bodies generated from the same P10 BG01v/HFF cultures (bottom).

Your choice of chemically defined human- and animal origin-free basal media for pluripotent stem cell culture. Based on traditional DMEM and DMEM/F12 formulations, these basal media are:

We offer full customization options to help meet your unique specifications for any project. Flexibility is yours in creating your own Gibco custom cell culture medium

Intended use of the products mentioned on this page vary. For specific intended use statements please refer to the product label.

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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC) Media and Reagents ...

IPS Cell Therapy Comments Off on Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC) Media and Reagents … | April 27th, 2020

Even in times of the COVID-19 crisis, life-saving blood stem cells are brought to patients - by committed people like Maria

Originally published by DKMS

Maria Schmiing is a DKMS employee and has also been a volunteer stem cell courier for about two years. A few days ago, she took a transplant from Germany to the US - a particularly difficult challenge in times of the COVID-19 crisis. Currently, entry to the US is only possible because DKMS, with the support of the US Stem Cell Donor Register: National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP/Be the Match), has obtained a special permit for stem cell couriers to enter the country - so that patients can receive urgently needed transplants.

"It was through an acquaintance of mine that I became aware of it several years ago. She is a teacher and carries out stem cell transports during the school holidays - I was immediately enthusiastic about it and signed up for it," says Maria Schmiing from Cologne. She applied to Ontime Onboard Courier GmbH, one of the transport companies that DKMS works with to bring life-saving blood stem cells to the recipients.

Maria's first assignment took her to Leiden in the Netherlands - an important place in the fight against blood cancer, as the World Marrow Donor Association (WMDA) has its headquarters there. "I was really excited before I even started the journey," she recalls.

Afterwards many further assignments followed, and it was because of this job as a courier that her desire to work at DKMS was born. "For me, the circle is complete; I'm doing something meaningful with my life. I am very aware of what I am doing this for: for the patients who need our help. What I think is great is that I am also really supported by my team and my managers, especially in the current situation."

Blood stem cell couriers like Maria Schmiing are currently in great demand to ensure that blood stem cell donations reach their recipients all over the world safely, even during the COVID-19 crisis. A few days ago the latest task for the 34-year-old was to travel to the US. "The procedure for a courier mission is actually always the same," she explains, "During the briefing the day before, we go through all documents together and the entire itinerary is discussed. Everything important detail is marked and addressed." But something is different at the moment: the couriers must carry a special permit that allows them to enter the US. "This must be presented upon entry and exit."

The next stop for Maria was the collection centre the next morning. There she received the life-saving blood stem cells from specially trained staff. These had previously been collected from a DKMS donor and prepared for transport. All documents and data were double checked based on the 4 eye principle before the transplant was handed over. "We especially look at the donor number and compare it, because we have to make sure that the patient receives the right transplant".

Afterwards Maria could start her journey. Stem cell couriers are allowed one additional piece of hand luggage only to be able to stay flexible on the way. "Most important are the blood stem cells or the bone marrow. We must not lose sight of the transplant during the entire journey. I look after this suitcase like my own personal treasure, like a mother who looks after her children. I am aware of the responsibility I carry and this stays with me until I have delivered the blood stem cells safely to the patient's clinic."

Before the departure to the US, she made sure that at the Frankfurt Airport the suitcase with the stem cells was not X-rayed. "I always explain that this is harmful to the transplant something most people know. Only after an officer has brought the suitcase through the security area, do I then follow. This is the only time we hand the suitcase over to somebody else. Fortunately, there were no problems either at the security check or at customs.

Once on the plane she informed the crew - an important and regular task for her - and did not let the suitcase out of her sight during the flight. "Sleep, of course, is out of the question. We are not allowed to drink alcohol 24 hours before and during the flight and we of course have to take the suitcase everywhere with us."

Upon arrival in the US, Maria noticed two differences "After landing, several security officers entered the plane and talked to the crew - only then were we allowed to disembark. In addition to this, they took the temperature of all passengers.

She then continued her journey by taxi to the transplant clinic. "Everything went really well, and I was met at the clinic by a member of staff. Again there, we double checked everything and went through the documents according to the four eye principle. Once we get back to Germany, there is also a debriefing and I then return the suitcase."

After handing a transplant over, there is always a moment of great relief for Maria: "The tension disappears. Afterwards she has a ritual, which is very important for her. "I go to the hotel, have a shower and then go out and raise a glass of beer for the patient. I think about how they are doing and what is still ahead of them. I then tell myself that from my side I've done everything I can to help them and I wish them all the best."

Going out and having a beer was not possible this time, as neither shops nor bars were open in the American city - even the hotel restaurant was closed. "I changed my ritual and toasted the unknown patient with a glass of tap water in my room!"

The next day she went back to Germany and soon the next flight will be scheduled for her - couriers are rare in this COVID-19crisis-ridden time. "My learning from this journey: I will take an emergency ration of trail mix with me, you never know," she says with a wink. She reflects on her commitment to patients. "I am still available when my help is needed. I am aware of the risk and take the best possible care and comply with all safety precautions. It is also clear that patients cannot wait - and despite everything with the current situation they should still be given a chance at life.

Learn more about how you can help deleteblood cancer atDKMS.org

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On the Road As a Stem Cell Courier Press Releases on CSRwire.com - CSRwire.com

Bone Marrow Stem Cells Comments Off on On the Road As a Stem Cell Courier Press Releases on CSRwire.com – CSRwire.com | April 27th, 2020

Central to a lot of scientific research into aging are tiny caps on the ends of our chromosomes called telomeres. These protective sequences of DNA grow a little shorter each time a cell divides, but by intervening in this process, researchers hope to one day regulate the process of aging and the ill health effects it can bring. A Harvard team is now offering an exciting pathway forward, discovering a set of small molecules capable of restoring telomere length in mice.

Telomeres can be thought of like the plastic tips on the end of our shoelaces, preventing the fraying of the DNA code of the genome and playing an important part in a healthy aging process. But each time a cell divides, they grow a little shorter. This sequence repeats over and over until the cell can no longer divide and dies.

This process is linked to aging and disease, including a rare genetic disease called dyskeratosis congenita (DC). This is caused by the premature aging of cells and is where the Harvard University team focused its attention, hoping to offer alternatives to the current treatment that involves high-risk bone marrow transplants and which offers limited benefits.

One of the ways dyskeratosis congenita comes about is through genetic mutations that disrupt an enzyme called telomerase, which is key to maintaining the structural integrity of the telomere caps. For this reason, researchers have been working to target telomerase for decades, in hopes of finding ways to slow or even reverse the effects of aging and diseases like dyskeratosis congenita.

Once human telomerase was identified, there were lots of biotech startups, lots of investment, says Boston Childrens Hospital's Suneet Agarwal, senior investigator on the new study. But it didnt pan out. There are no drugs on the market, and companies have come and gone.

Agarwal has been studying the biology of telomerase for the past decade, and back in 2015 he and his team discovered a gene called PARN that plays a role in the action of the telomerase enzyme. This gene normally processes and stabilizes an important component of telomerase called TERC, but when it mutates, it results in less of the enzyme being produced and, in turn, the telomeres becoming shortened prematurely.

For the new study, Harvard researchers screened more than 100,000 known chemicals in search of compounds that could preserve healthy function of PARN. This led them to small handful that seemed capable of doing so by inhibiting an enzyme called PAPD5, which serves to unravel PARN and destabilize TERC.

We thought if we targeted PAPD5, we could protect TERC and restore the proper balance of telomerase, says Harvard Medical Schools Neha Nagpal, first author on the new paper.

These chemicals were tested on stem cells in the lab, made from the cells of patients with dyskeratosis congenita. These compounds boosted TERC levels in those stem cells and restored telomeres to their normal length. However, rather than a scattergun approach, the team really wanted to test for safety and see if the treatment could precisely target stem cells carrying the right ingredients for telomerase formation.

More specifically, the team wanted to see if this could be achieved by having the PAPD5-inhibiting drugs recognize and respond to another important component of telomerase, a molecule called TERT. To do so, in the next round of experiments the team used human blood stem cells and triggered mutations in the PARN gene that give rise to dyskeratosis congenita. These were then implanted into mice that were treated with the compounds, with the team finding the treatment boosted TERC, restored telomere length in the stem cells and had no ill effects on the rodents.

This provided the hope that this could become a clinical treatment, says Nagpal.

The team will now continue its work in an effort to prove these small molecules are a safe and effective way to apply the brakes to dyskeratosis congenita, other diseases, and possibly aging more broadly.

We envision these to be a new class of oral medicines that target stem cells throughout the body, Agarwal says. We expect restoring telomeres in stem cells will increase tissue regenerative capacity in the blood, lungs, and other organs affected in DC and other diseases.

The research was published in the journal Cell Stem Cell.

Source: Boston Childrens Hospital via Harvard University

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Molecules identified that reverse cellular aging process - New Atlas

Bone Marrow Stem Cells Comments Off on Molecules identified that reverse cellular aging process – New Atlas | April 27th, 2020

Capping decades of research, a new study may offer a breakthrough in treatingdyskeratosis congenitaand other so-called telomere diseases, in which cells age prematurely.

Using cells donated by patients with the disease, researchers at theDana-Farber/Boston Childrens Cancer and Blood Disorders Centeridentified several small molecules that appear to reverse this cellular aging process.Suneet Agarwal, the studys senior investigator, hopes at least one of these compounds will advance toward clinical trials. Findings werepublished Tuesday in the journal Cell Stem Cell.

If so, it could be the first treatment for dyskeratosis congenita, or DC, that could reverse all of the diseases varying effects on the body. The current treatment, bone marrow transplant, is high-risk, and only helps restore the blood system, whereas DC affects multiple organs.

The compounds identified in the study restore telomeres, protective caps on the tips of our chromosomes that regulate how our cells age. Telomeres consist of repeating sequences of DNA that get shorter each time a cell divides.

The bodys stem cells, which retain their youthful qualities, normally make an enzyme called telomerase that builds telomeres back up again. But when telomeres cant be maintained, tissues age before their time. A spectrum of diseases can result not just DC, but also aplastic anemia, liver cirrhosis, and pulmonary fibrosis.

The discovery of telomerase 35 years ago, earninga Nobel Prize in 2009, galvanized the scientific world. Subsequent studies suggested the enzyme could be a key to reversing aging, as well as treating cancer, in which malignant cells become immortal and divide indefinitely.

For years, researchers have tried to find a simple and safe way to manipulate telomerase, preserve telomeres, and create cures for telomere diseases.

Once human telomerase was identified, there were lots of biotech startups, lots of investment, says Agarwal, who has researched the biology of telomerase for the past decade. But it didnt pan out. There are no drugs on the market, and companies have come and gone.

DC can be caused by mutations in any of multiple genes. Most of these mutations disrupt telomerase formation or function in particular, by disrupting two molecules called TERT and TERC that join together to form telomerase. TERT is an enzyme made in stem cells, and TERC is a so-called non-coding RNA that acts as a template to create telomeres repeating DNA sequences. Both TERT and TERC are affected by a web of other genes that tune telomerases action.

One of these genes is PARN. In 2015, Agarwal and colleagues showed inNatureGeneticsthat PARN is important for processing and stabilizing TERC. Mutations in PARN mean less TERC, less telomerase, and prematurely shortened telomeres.

Thenew study, led by Harvard Medical School postdoctoral fellow Neha Nagpal, delved further, focusing on an enzyme that opposes PARN and destabilizes TERC, called PAPD5.

We thought if we targeted PAPD5, we could protect TERC and restore the proper balance of telomerase, says Nagpal, first author on the paper.

Nagpal and her colleagues first conducted large-scale screening studies to identify PAPD5 inhibitors, testing more than 100,000 known chemicals. They got 480 initial hits, which they ultimately narrowed to a small handful.

They then tested the inhibitors in stem cells made from the Martins cells and those of other patients with DC. To the teams delight, the compounds boosted TERC levels in the cells and restored telomeres to their normal length.

But the real challenge was to see if the treatment would be safe and specific, affecting only the stem cells bearing TERT. To test this, the team introduced DC-causing PARN mutations into human blood stem cells, transplanted those cells into mice, then treated the mice with oral PAPD5 inhibitors. The compounds boosted TERC and restored telomere length in the transplanted stem cells, with no adverse effect on the mice or on the ability to form different kinds of blood cells.

This provided the hope that this could become a clinical treatment, says Nagpal.

In the future, Agarwal, Nagpal, and colleagues hope to validate PAPD5 inhibition for other diseases involving faulty maintenance of telomeres and perhaps even aging itself. They are most excited about two compounds, known as BCH001 and RG7834 that are under further development.

We envision these to be a new class of oral medicines that target stem cells throughout the body, Agarwal says. We expect restoring telomeres in stem cells will increase tissue regenerative capacity in the blood, lungs, and other organs affected in DC and other diseases.

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Breakthrough to halt premature aging of cells - ScienceBlog.com

Bone Marrow Stem Cells Comments Off on Breakthrough to halt premature aging of cells – ScienceBlog.com | April 27th, 2020

Latest Market Research Report onAutologous Stem Cell Based Therapies Market size | Industry Segment by Applications (Neurodegenerative Disorders, Autoimmune Diseases? and Cardiovascular Diseases), by Type (Embryonic Stem Cell, Resident Cardiac Stem Cells and Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cells), Regional Outlook, Market Demand, Latest Trends, Autologous Stem Cell Based Therapies Industry Share & Revenue by Manufacturers, Company Profiles, Growth Forecasts 2025.Analyzes current market size and upcoming 5 years growth of this industry.

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Autologous Stem Cell Based Therapies Market Demand, Recent Trends and Developments Analysis 2025 - Express Journal

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Global Stem Cell Therapy Market: Overview

Also called regenerative medicine, stem cell therapy encourages the reparative response of damaged, diseased, or dysfunctional tissue via the use of stem cells and their derivatives. Replacing the practice of organ transplantations, stem cell therapies have eliminated the dependence on availability of donors. Bone marrow transplant is perhaps the most commonly employed stem cell therapy.

Osteoarthritis, cerebral palsy, heart failure, multiple sclerosis and even hearing loss could be treated using stem cell therapies. Doctors have successfully performed stem cell transplants that significantly aid patients fight cancers such as leukemia and other blood-related diseases.

Know the Growth Opportunities in Emerging Markets

Global Stem Cell Therapy Market: Key Trends

The key factors influencing the growth of the global stem cell therapy market are increasing funds in the development of new stem lines, the advent of advanced genomic procedures used in stem cell analysis, and greater emphasis on human embryonic stem cells. As the traditional organ transplantations are associated with limitations such as infection, rejection, and immunosuppression along with high reliance on organ donors, the demand for stem cell therapy is likely to soar. The growing deployment of stem cells in the treatment of wounds and damaged skin, scarring, and grafts is another prominent catalyst of the market.

On the contrary, inadequate infrastructural facilities coupled with ethical issues related to embryonic stem cells might impede the growth of the market. However, the ongoing research for the manipulation of stem cells from cord blood cells, bone marrow, and skin for the treatment of ailments including cardiovascular and diabetes will open up new doors for the advancement of the market.

Global Stem Cell Therapy Market: Market Potential

A number of new studies, research projects, and development of novel therapies have come forth in the global market for stem cell therapy. Several of these treatments are in the pipeline, while many others have received approvals by regulatory bodies.

In March 2017, Belgian biotech company TiGenix announced that its cardiac stem cell therapy, AlloCSC-01 has successfully reached its phase I/II with positive results. Subsequently, it has been approved by the U.S. FDA. If this therapy is well- received by the market, nearly 1.9 million AMI patients could be treated through this stem cell therapy.

Another significant development is the granting of a patent to Israel-based Kadimastem Ltd. for its novel stem-cell based technology to be used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) and other similar conditions of the nervous system. The companys technology used for producing supporting cells in the central nervous system, taken from human stem cells such as myelin-producing cells is also covered in the patent.

The regional analysis covers:

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Global Stem Cell Therapy Market: Regional Outlook

The global market for stem cell therapy can be segmented into Asia Pacific, North America, Latin America, Europe, and the Middle East and Africa. North America emerged as the leading regional market, triggered by the rising incidence of chronic health conditions and government support. Europe also displays significant growth potential, as the benefits of this therapy are increasingly acknowledged.

Asia Pacific is slated for maximum growth, thanks to the massive patient pool, bulk of investments in stem cell therapy projects, and the increasing recognition of growth opportunities in countries such as China, Japan, and India by the leading market players.

Global Stem Cell Therapy Market: Competitive Analysis

Several firms are adopting strategies such as mergers and acquisitions, collaborations, and partnerships, apart from product development with a view to attain a strong foothold in the global market for stem cell therapy.

Some of the major companies operating in the global market for stem cell therapy are RTI Surgical, Inc., MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Osiris Therapeutics, Inc., NuVasive, Inc., Pharmicell Co., Ltd., Anterogen Co., Ltd., JCR Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., and Holostem Terapie Avanzate S.r.l.

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Stem Cell Therapy Market to Discern Steadfast Expansion During 2025 - Cole of Duty

Cardiac Stem Cells Comments Off on Stem Cell Therapy Market to Discern Steadfast Expansion During 2025 – Cole of Duty | April 27th, 2020

This phase I clinical study is an open clinical trial to investigate the safety of the intrathecal application of Neuro-Cells in the treatment of end stage (chronic), traumatic complete (AIS grade A) and incomplete (AIS grade B/C) SCI patients. To that purpose, after inclusion in this study >1 year and less than 5 years after their SCI-event, 10 patients will be included. All patients are invited to visit the trial hospital every month during this 3-months study for appreciation of their possible (S)AEs and/or SUSARs, for physical examination and a biochemical analysis of their blood/urine. Day 0 and day 90 they also undergo a comprehensive neurological examination, the AISIAms, ASIAss and Pain perception.

Finally, the participants are also invited to undergo neurological examinations at day 360 and 720. The purpose of this neurological assessment is to explore in patients if a late administration of Neuro-Cells may have some beneficial effects on the neurological condition of the chronic SCI patient.

All patients undergo a BM harvesting at the start of their participation in the study and will undergo one LP, performed to administer Neuro-Cells. The study is open and descriptive, and no randomization takes place. All patients are followed up until approximately 3 months after the time of administration. After these 3 months, the safety part of this study ends. Patients are invited for a neurological assessment 9 months later (day 360) to explore if Neuro-Cells may have a beneficial effect when given to end stage patients with a traumatic SCI.

The safety part of the study is completed when the last patient finishes his/her visit at day 90. The explorative part of the study ends approximately one year after the time of inclusion at day 720.

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Safety Stem Cells in Spinal Cord Injury - Full Text View ...

Spinal Cord Stem Cells Comments Off on Safety Stem Cells in Spinal Cord Injury – Full Text View … | April 26th, 2020

In his book 21 Lessons for The 21st Century, historian Yuval Noah Harari begins by writing, In a world deluged by irrelevant information, clarity is power. Before the Internet, access to information was relatively limited, and media was concentrated in the hands of a few corporations, which had its problems.

When it comes to supposed facts about COVID-19 posted on the internet, its best to check first with those doing the real checking: scientists. Photo: AFP

Today, with YouTubers, bloggers, and social media at our fingertips, the world is filled with more information than ever. The problem is that much of it is fake news and rumours. Too many voices are clamouring for our attention, but few are fact-checked for accuracy.

Since the spread of COVID-19 began, weve seen snake oil salesmen hawking cures and prophylaxis, and the spread of conspiracy theories about the viruss origins.

In a world where breathing the same air as someone else can kill you, misinformation can be as deadly as the virus. Now more than ever we need to be mindful of what we say, what we post, and how we behave. So, we need to understand and trust in science.

Why Should We Believe in Science?

According to Harvard Professor Naomi Oreskes, author of Why Trust Science?, for several decades there has been an organised campaign to undermine the publics trust in science funded mainly by industries whose financial interests are threatened by its findings.

At its core, science is the study of how the natural world works.

It has a long history of success, and when done correctly it is the single best method of inquiry we have for the pursuit of truth. Because of science, we have aeroplanes, cars, GPS, the Internet, smartphones and modern medicine. The only reason we know that COVID-19 exists is because of science. More importantly, science is a self-policing system of checks and balances that exists to reveal problems and correct inaccuracies.

It begins with the scientific method, something we all learned in school:

Once a scientist has drawn a conclusion, it undergoes rigorous scrutiny by colleagues who are working in the same discipline. This process of scrutiny can lead to rejecting or accepting the hypothesis, redesigning the experiment or finding additional data to support the conclusion. If the claim is valid, the scientist then publishes their work in a reputable scientific journal such as Nature or Science.

Submission of a paper begins the rigorous peer-review process where experts in the same field deliberately challenge the scientists arguments, inspect their data and look for errors in their methodology. So, before a claim is made and the general media gets a hold of it, a study is peer-reviewed and subjected to scrutiny by dozens, if not hundreds of other experts in the same field.

In areas where there is a scientific consensus, such as the relative safety and efficacy of vaccines, or that climate change is anthropogenic, thousands of studies on these topics have been published over decades and reviewed by thousands of scientists in dozens of countries.

Professor Oreskes notes that a critical aspect of scientific judgment is that it is done collectively and not individually. This weeds out personal biases or someone who might have a specific agenda.

Scientific claims are put through a process much like a trial. Questions are posed, data is analysed, and facts are debated before the community comes to a consensus. This process can take years, even decades. So, when your beliefs are founded on scientific consensus, you are relying on the knowledge of dozens if not hundreds, or thousands of experts in their fields.

Because COVID-19 is still so new, there are lots of unknowns. It will take time to review the data and draw definitive conclusions. There remains speculation about how the virus transmits, whether recovered patients acquire sustained immunity, the effect of heat and humidity have on infection rates and the viability of various treatments, among other things. Nevertheless, our reaction to COVID-19 should be grounded in facts, evidence and empirical data rather than, unfounded opinions, suppositions and fears.

Science Makes Mistakes

Like any other human discipline, science has its failures. For example, in 2014, Japanese biologist Haruko Obokata knowingly falsified data regarding the creation of stimulus acquired pluripotent (STAP) cells in mice. If her claim had been valid, it would have revolutionised the production of embryonic stem cells, which are blank cells that can be programmed to become any of 200 different cell types in the human body, including bone, hair, skin or muscle.

However, due to the self-policing nature of science, within days, other biologists in her field refuted her claims after failing to replicate her experiments. Within months, her paper was retracted, and her career ended in disgrace.

Knowing that science sometimes makes mistakes and admits and corrects for them shouldnt make us trust it any less if anything it should make us believe in it more. Especially when compared to other methods of inquiry, which have no process of scrutiny.

The Problem with Intuition

In his book Thinking Fast Thinking Slow, Nobel Prize-winning behavioural economist Daniel Kahneman defined intuition as, Thinking that you know something without knowing why you do. As an example, he poses this problem:

A bat and ball cost $1.10.

The bat costs one dollar more than the ball.

How much does the ball cost?

If you answered 10 cents, you are incorrect. This question confounds 50% of students from some of the best universities in the world.

The correct answer is 5 cents.

Kahneman identifies two methods for problem-solving. System 1 is quick, intuitive, spontaneous and effortless. It instantly helps us to recognise faces, to act when confronted with dangers and to solve simple questions. System 2 is slow, rational, reflective and effortful. It gets into the drivers seat when you focus and concentrate on a complicated problem.

The problems occur when we try to use System 1 to make complex decisions that require System 2. People will often make judgements based on intuition when a given situation is easy to imagine. For example, when asked what the most dangerous method of generating energy is, public opinion is usually most negative toward nuclear. However, on a per terawatt-hour basis, atomic energy has killed far fewer people than oil, coal and even solar. But because most people conflate nuclear power with war, they tend to answer incorrectly.

When our perception of reality is based on stories that people tell us, rather than science, facts and evidence, it leads to poor decisions. In the modern world, we need to learn to think in terms of data as it is a far too complicated a place to always reason by intuition.

Linear Vs. Exponential Thinking

Part of the reason many governments didnt foresee the problems COVID-19 would create is that their leaders are linear thinkers.

As an example, if you take 30 linear steps, you move 30 standard paces from where you started, or about 30 metres. However, if you take 30 exponential steps, one, two, four, eight, sixteen by the time you get to the last step, you end up a billion metres from where your started thats about 26 times around the planet!

Its the reason why at the beginning of March the United States only had 65 infections and by April 14 it had over 500,000.

We are In This Together

Whether we like it or not, we are in this together. The virus doesnt distinguish between race, social class, tourist, expat or Thai.

We must be careful about what we say or post in social media. The virus kills quickly, but misinformation can also kill by influencing people to do foolish things.

For sources of science that have been peer-reviewed or vetted by experts, you can go to the following websites:

PubMed

The Lancet

Nature Medicine

The New England Journal Of Medicine

The British Medical Journal

WebMD

Healthline

When we depend on intuition, gossip, fake news and conspiracy theories to make decisions, we get leaders who make demonstrably poor decisions that lead to disastrous consequences. In this regard many people think of Donald Trump.

To quote John F. Kennedy, We are not here to curse the darkness, but to light the candle that can guide us through that darkness to a safe and sane future.

Science, both literally and figuratively, is that light; to disregard it is to remain in the dark.

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Sustainably Yours: The importance of understanding and trusting in Science - The Phuket News

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Sustainably Yours: The importance of understanding and trusting in Science – The Phuket News | April 26th, 2020