Current debate about the future of the Victorian Heart Hospital, which when completed will be Australia's first cardiac hospital,focuses on issues such as cost and contracts. And, in these tight economic times, it is right to ask these questions.

However, Australia's first dedicated specialist heart hospital will be so much more. Thehospital will be in the same league as some of the great cardiac hospitals, such as the Barts Heart Centre in London and the Montreal Heart Institute in Canada.

More Victorians, men and women, die from heart disease than any other cause. People are living longer long enough to have, and survive, heart attacksthat may become heart disease and heart failure further down the line.

In the catchment area that will feed into the Victorian Heart Hospital the population projections for people at risk of heart disease are even worse. Aboutone-quarter (or eight out of 31) of the metropolitan local government areas with above average heart attack rates fall into the catchment area of the new hospital. This is an area whose population needs a facility like this.

But the hospitalwill be so much more than a hospital for patients with cardiovascular disease and events. Much has been said about the dedicated areas for Monash University and Monash Health researchers devoted to cardiac research.

Having the researchers sitting in the midst of the clinicians and patients, and in many cases being situated within the hospital means the problems the scientists address are the ones that are identified by those at the coalface, the clinicians and health professionals.

One of the hospital'score research areas, for example, will be stem cell research. We have recruited some of the best stem cell scientists in the world. They will work with Monash University's Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute and heart hospital clinicians to develop cellular patches that can be created from a patient's own cells to replace the areas of the heart left dead by a heart attack. This damaged tissue, currently cannot be fixed, and often leads to heart failure, so the need for this sort of research is paramount.

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Monash Health has an outstanding international reputation for attracting clinical trials into new heart procedure techniques, with more than 30 trials currently being conducted. As an example, the international medical device makerMedtronicchose Monash Heart cardiologists to conduct the first trial of a new way to replace mitral valves in the hearts of patients whose health would not withstand traditional open-heart surgery. These trial patients have had their life saved by this device.

This is translational research at its best taking new discoveries and therapies and making sure they are safe in patients. These innovations then become, as fast as possible, treatments we can offer all Victorians. It is no surprise that many of Australia's largest medical device manufacturers and innovators are situated around Monash University and benefit from the strong biomedical focus the university offers.

Co-location of the Victorian Heart Hospital at the Monash University campus will strengthen the nexus between industry, biomedical research and clinical care, including clinical trials that will result in Victorians benefiting from the best advances in cardiac care.

The Victorian Heart Hospitalis a way for Victoria to future-proof its citizens against heart disease for the next five decades. It will be where we develop new technologies, devices and treatments that can be used to deal with the patients that come throughour doors.

There will be more non-surgical alternatives and prevention strategies developed and offered. We will provide a health and wellness department that assists patients in dealing with the depression that can follow cardiac surgery, as well as assisting patients in techniques that can help them lower their risk of further cardiac events.

The hospitalwill not only put Victoria on the world map, it will be a groundbreaking commitment to the health of Victorians.

Sarah Newton is deputy dean, external relations, Monash University's faculty of medicine, nursing and health sciences.

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Funding debate aside, this is why we need a new heart hospital - The Sydney Morning Herald

Cardiac Stem Cells Comments Off on Funding debate aside, this is why we need a new heart hospital – The Sydney Morning Herald | August 7th, 2017

In 2002, Ian Thompson, a specialist in facial reconstruction at Kings College, London, received an urgent phone call. A patient in his late 20s had been struck by an out-of-control car mounting the pavement. The impact had sent him catapulting over the bonnet of the car, smashing his face and shattering the fragile orbital floor the tiny bone, no more than 1mm thick, which holds the eyeball in place in the skull.

Without the orbital floor, your eye moves backwards into the skull, almost as a defensive mechanism, Thompson explains. But this results in blurred vision and lack of focus. This patient had also lost the ability to perceive colour. His job involved rewiring aircraft and as he could no longer detect a red wire from a blue one, hed barely been able to work in three years.

The accident had happened three years earlier. Since then, surgeons had desperately tried to reconstruct the bony floor and push the eye back into position, first using material implants and then bone from the patients own rib. Both attempts had failed. Each time, infection set in after a few months, causing extreme pain. And now the doctors were out of ideas.

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Thompsons answer was to build the worlds first glass implant, moulded as a plate which slotted in under the patients eye into the collapsed orbital floor. The idea of using glass a naturally brittle material to repair something so delicate may seem counterintuitive.

But this was no ordinary glass.

If you placed a piece of window glass in the human body, it would be sealed off by scar tissue, basically wobble around in the body for a while and then get pushed out, says Julian Jones, an expert in bioglass at Imperial College London. When you put bioglass in the body, it starts to dissolve and releases ions which kind of talk to the immune system and tell the cells what to do. This means the body doesnt recognise it as foreign, and so it bonds to bone and soft tissue, creating a good feel and stimulating the production of new bone.

Bioglass actually works even better than the patients own bone Ian Thompson

For Thompson, the results were immediate. Almost instantaneously, the patient regained full vision, colour and depth perception. Fifteen years on, he remains in full health.

Thompson has gone on to use bioglass plates to successfully treat more than 100 patients involved in car or motorcycle accidents. Bioglass actually works even better than the patients own bone, Thompson says. This is because weve found that it slowly leaches sodium ions as it dissolves, killing off bacteria in the local environment. So, quite by chance, you have this mild antibiotic effect which eliminates infections.

Cutting edge

Bioglass was invented by US scientist Larry Hench in 1969. Hench was inspired by a chance conversation on a bus with an army colonel who recently had returned from the Vietnam War. The colonel told Hench that while modern medical technology could save lives on the battlefield, it could not save limbs. Hench decided to shelve his research into intercontinental ballistic missiles and instead work on designing a bionic material which would not be rejected by the human body.

Hench ultimately took his research to London, and it has been in Britain where some of the most revolutionary bioglass innovations are being made in fields from orthopaedic surgery to dentistry.

Over the last 10 years, surgeons have used bioglass in a powdered form, which looks and feels like a gritty putty, to repair bone defects arising from small fractures. Since 2010, this same bioglass putty has hit the high street as the key component in Sensodynes Repair and Protect toothpaste, the biggest global use of any bioactive material. During the brushing process, the bioglass dissolves and releases calcium phosphate ions which bond to tooth mineral. Over time, they slowly stimulate regrowth.

But many scientists feel that the current applications of bioglass are barely scratching the surface of what could be possible. New clinical products are being developed which could revolutionise bone and joint surgery like never before.

Sitting in his office in Imperial Colleges Department of Materials, Jones is holding a small, cube-shaped object hes dubbed bouncy bioglass. Its similar to the current bioglass but with a slight twist: subtle alterations in the chemical composition mean its no longer brittle. Instead it bounces,like a kids power ball as Jones describes it, and its incredibly flexible.

The point of this is that it can be inserted into a badly broken leg and can support both the patients weight and allow them to walk on it without crutches, without requiring any additional metal pins or implants for support. At the same time, the bouncy bioglass also will stimulate and guide bone regrowth while slowly, naturally assimilating into the body.

To regenerate large pieces of bone, for example in a really big fracture, its very important to be able to put weight on your leg, Jones says. And its really important that the bio-implant in your leg is able to transmit the force from your weight to the bone cells, like a signal. Our body makes its own bone in the architecture that its in, because the cells feel the mechanical environment. So to grow back a big piece of bone you need to be able to transmit the right signals to them. The reason why astronauts in space lose bone mass is because without gravity, the cells arent receiving the same information as they do on Earth.

Further alterations to the chemical makeup of bioglass produce a different form which is much softer and has an almost rubbery feel. It feels almost like a piece of squid at a seafood restaurant. This bioglass is designed for possibly the holy grail of orthopaedic surgery: cartilage repair.

Right now, surgeons attempt to repair damaged cartilage in arthritic hips or damaged knee joints with a fiddly procedure called microfracture. This involves smoothing over the damaged area to expose the bone underneath, then pricking it to release stem cells from the bone marrow which stimulate repair. But this results in scar cartilage and within a few years, as many athletes have found, the original problem returns.

As a solution, Jones is looking to produce bioglass which can be 3D-printed and then slotted into any hole in the cartilage. For the cells to accept it, the material must retain all the natural properties of cartilage. To test its effectiveness, Jones uses a simulator that has human knee joints from cadavers donated for medical research.

We simulate the walking action, bending, all the things a knee would do, and make sure that the bioglass actually preserves the rest of the joint and behaves as it should do, he says. If that works then well proceed to animal and then clinical trials.

This same bioglass could find an additional use in aiding people with chronic back pain due to herniated discs. At the moment surgeons treat this by replacing the dysfunctional disc with a bone graft which fuses the vertebrae in the back together. But while this takes away the pain, it results in a considerable loss in mobility. Instead, a bioglass implant could be printed and simply inserted to replace the faulty disc.

It seems the obvious thing to do, Jones says. So far nobody has been able to replicate the mechanical properties of cartilage synthetically. But with bioglass, we think we can do it.

Weve just got to prove that we can. If all goes well and we pass all the necessary safety tests, it could reach the clinic in 10 years.

Using man-made materials which can fuse to the body may seem far-fetched but it is appearing to be a more and more likely component of future medicine. Already, millions of people brush their teeth with it. And that may just be the start.

This story is a part of BBC Britain a series focused on exploring this extraordinary island, one story at a time. Readers outside of the UK can see every BBC Britain story by heading to theBritain homepage; you also can see our latest stories by following us onFacebookandTwitter.

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The best way to fix broken bones might be with glass - BBC News

Bone Marrow Stem Cells Comments Off on The best way to fix broken bones might be with glass – BBC News | August 5th, 2017

BINGHAMTON (WBNG) -- Thursday, a cancer survivor met her bone marrow donor for the first time, just days before her wedding.

"They told me that without a transplant I really only had about six months to a year," said Vivian Nolan, a bone marrow transplant recipient.

In 2008, Vivian Nolan was diagnosed with a rare form of cancer called multiple myeloma. Later on, she was diagnosed with leukemia.

Doctors tried a bone marrow transplant with her own stem cells. When that didn't work, they said she needed a donor.

"The only cure or chance of holding it off at all is a bone marrow transplant," Nolan said.

Lucky for Nolan, doctors found a match.

A stranger volunteered to save her life. Scott Durbin is Nolan's donor. He lives in Kentucky, over 850 miles away.

Thursday, Durbin and Nolan met for the first time.

Nolan is getting married on Saturday.Durbin and his family flew in to support her in her next phase of life, a life that she wouldn't have without him.

"This is the man who gave me my life back. So I'm really happy," Nolan said.

For Durbin, the decision to help someone in need was second nature.

"I signed up. 7 months later I got that phone call saying they was gonna fly me to Atlanta," bone marrow donor Scott Durbinsaid.

Nolan was still in shock that someone would do something so kind for a person he had never met.

"I just couldn't believe that there was someone out there that I never knew that would go through that for me," she said.

After the transplant, Nolan wanted to meet the man who now is a part of her.

Today, she was able to introduce her family to its newest member.

"Now I've got this whole new life and he's got this whole big new family."

For Durbin, it's a choice he'd make over and over.

"I would do it again to give you a second chance," Durbin said.

Nolan remains forever grateful for that second chance.

Since her bone marrow transplant, Nolan's leukemia is virtually gone. She says she feels great, and can't wait for her new lease on life.

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Cancer survivor meets bone marrow donor days before wedding - WBNG-TV

Bone Marrow Stem Cells Comments Off on Cancer survivor meets bone marrow donor days before wedding – WBNG-TV | August 5th, 2017

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EL PASO, Texas - Three new retailers are setting up shop inside Cielo Vista Mall.

Simon Properties announced the opening of three new stores: ThinkGeek, Adore Cosmetics, and Ooh La La.

Opening mid-August, ThinkGeek offers a wide assortment of "nerd interest-inspired" items, gadgets, apparel, and unique licensed products from pop culture brands like STAR WARS, Star Trek, Game of Thrones, Marvel, Nintendo, Minecraft, and various others.

The 2,172 square-foot store will be on the upper level, next to JCPenney.

Meanwhile, Ooh La La will give customers a number of options when it comes to snack foods. Specializing in traditional Mexican snacks, gift baskets and custom gift wrapping, the store will open mid-August next to LIDS.

Adore Cosmetics offers organic skin care products mostly powered by stem cells from plants. The cosmetics company's products are designed to "help reverse the signs of aging and restore a youthful glow to the skin be harnessing the power of nature," according to the store's description.

Slated to open late August, the store is located between Vitamin World and LIDS.

Shawn Thomson, General Manager of Cielo Vista Mall, says they are constantly searching for ways to keep new and veteran visitors happy.

"We are continually looking for opportunities to enhance our visitor's experience with a unique mix of retail offerings," Thomson said."We believe these new offerings will speak to our current customer base, giving them new options, while simultaneously attracting new customers to Cielo Vista Mall."

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ThinkGeek, Adore Cosmetics and Ohh La La coming to Cielo Vista Mall - KVIA El Paso

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on ThinkGeek, Adore Cosmetics and Ohh La La coming to Cielo Vista Mall – KVIA El Paso | August 4th, 2017

The excitement at Jerusalem-based Gamida Cell, a maker of cell and immune therapy technologies, is palpable.

The biotechnology company has started enrolling patients for a last-stage clinical trial for a drug it believes will help increase the success of bone marrow transplants in blood cancer patients, and help them better withstand the ordeal of the lifesaving procedure.

The patients are being enrolled in the US, Spain, The Netherlands and Singapore. Should the results of the trial, as hoped, be positive, that would lead to the launch of a commercially available product in 2020, Gamida Cells CEO Yael Margolin said in an interview with The Times of Israel.

We are at an exciting transition point, and moving from being a research and development firm, based in Israel, to an international commercial firm, said Margolin who has headed the company for the past 12 years in her sun-drenched office at the biotech firms headquarters in Jerusalem. We need to prepare to commercialize the product. We are now looking at various sites in Israel for a new manufacturing facility and looking to employ some 100 people. These workers will be added to the 40 already employed in Jerusalem.

Gamida Cells CEO, Dr. Yael Margolin (Courtesy)

Preliminary clinical data has already revealed that the risk of their leading product for blood cancers, NiCord, not meeting its targets in the Phase 3 trial, is low, added Margolin.

The drug has already received a breakthrough therapy designation by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The designation is given to a drug that is meant to treat a serious or life-threatening condition, and where preliminary clinical evidence indicates that it may demonstrate a substantial improvement on at least one clinically significant target (endpoint) over other available therapies. The designation also entitles the company to get more and closer FDA guidance to help bring the treatment faster to patients.

The combination of the low clinical risk based on the previous trial results and the lower regulatory risk, because the drug is being developed in close collaboration with the FDA, has spurred the company into a flurry of activity that is aimed at scaling up its production facilities to get ready for the day NiCord hits the markets.

The company said last month it raised $40 million from investors including Novartis, which is already a major shareholder in the firm. The funds will support the ongoing Phase 3 stage for NiCord. The company also announced, on July 20, that it received a $3.5-million grant from the Israeli government that will support the further development of NiCord and other drugs that the company is developing, including therapies for sickle cell disease and for blood and solid cancers. Gamida has also appointed a new chief medical officer, Ronit Simantov, who will be based in the US.

The first market for our drug will be the US, Margolin said.

The Gamida Cell lab in Jerusalem where umbilical cord blood is stored in tanks, July 16, 2017. (Shoshanna Solomon/Times of Israel)

NiCord, which would be the first drug developed by Gamida to hit the market if the trial goes well is believed to increase the chances of a successful bone marrow transplantation process for patients who do not have a rapidly available, fully matched, bone marrow donor.

Today some high-risk blood cancers cannot be cured unless patients undergo a bone marrow graft. For that purpose, a perfect 100-percent match needs to be found, a process that in the US takes an average of three to four months, if the patient is lucky. Sometimes, no match is found.

There are 70,000 patients a year globally with blood cancers who need a bone marrow transplant, Margolin said. It is a rare condition. But for that transplant, you need a donor with full tissue matching. As many as 50% dont get to the transplant phase, because they havent found a matching donor in time.

Umbilical cord blood collected from newborn babies contains stem cells, which can be used to treat diseases. Today cord-blood banks around the world store the cord blood. It great advantage is that because it is so young, there is no need for a full tissue matching.

The big advantage with umbilical blood is that you dont need full tissue matching; a partial match is enough, Margolin continued. Most patients generally find at least one unit of cord blood that partially matches them.

Stem cells in a bag in Gamida Cells Jerusalem lab, July 16, 2017 (Shoshanna Solomon/Times of Israel)

The problem is that the quantity of cells in each unit is not huge, and it is the number of stem cells in the cord blood that is critical to the success of transplantation.

Our idea is to leverage the advantages of the cord blood and overcome the limitations of the cell number by applying our own platform technology, called NAM Technology, added Margolin. This technology allows us to take one unit of umbilical cord blood and expand the number of stem cells within it and enhance their performance.

Gamida Cell selects the stem cells from the unit and puts them in a culture together with a molecule called Nicotinamide (NAM) a form of Vitamin B3 and adds other ingredients. This culture, to which the firm holds intellectual property rights, increases the number of stem cells, and enhances their functionality, Margolin said.

The cells are then harvested from the culture, frozen in a small blood-bag in a final formulation that is ready for infusion, and then shipped to hospitals via couriers. Doctors thaw the product by the bedside of the patients and infuse the fluid into them.

From start to finish, our process takes three weeks, Margolin said. The average search for a bone marrow match takes three to four months.

The clinical trial underway is enrolling patients aged 16 years and older.

An earlier trial of the drug showed that patients transplanted with NiCord showed a more rapid engraftment the amount of time needed for the development of a minimal amount of white blood cells, or neutrophils, in the blood. That minimum amount indicates the patient is now less vulnerable to infections and bleeding following the transplant, and is an indication of success.

In the pilot phase clinical trials, the median time to neutrophil engraftment with NiCord was 11 days, compared to three to four weeks in patients who received standard umbilical cord blood. The results in a study conducted at Duke University also showed a lower rate of infection 22% vs 54%; and a lower duration of hospitalization compared to standard umbilical cord engraftment, Margolin said.

Now the company is enrolling patients for its larger, Phase 3 multi-national, randomized controlled registration study. And in February it said it had already transplanted its first patient, as part of the trial.

We hope to publish positive topline data from the Phase3 study in the first half of 2019 and launch the product on the market in 2020, she said.

Metal barrel with a frozen bag of umbilical cord stem cells ready for delivery from Gamida Cells Jerusalem lab, July 16, 2017. (Shoshanna Solomon/Times of Israel)

A metal barrel within which was a frozen bag of umbilical cord stem cells was waiting to be picked by a courier in the lobby of the Gamida Cell offices, ready to be thawed and injected into a patient somewhere around the world.

We have a sophisticated infrastructure that coordinates everything between the cord bank blood and our manufacturing site and the hospital where the patient is to be treated, Margolin continued. This infrastructure is 100% robust, but we plan to scale this up toward commercialization.

The $40 million in funds the company raised last month is expected to last until late 2019. After that, she added, all options are on the table: an IPO, or teaming up with a strategic partner, are both possibilities for the future.

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Cell therapy firm in flurry of activity as hope nears for bone marrow patients - The Times of Israel

Bone Marrow Stem Cells Comments Off on Cell therapy firm in flurry of activity as hope nears for bone marrow patients – The Times of Israel | August 1st, 2017

JoAnne Viviano The Columbus Dispatch @JoAnneViviano

Dennis Matko was headed for a knee replacement when he discovered a new therapy that would instead inject his own stem cells and plasma into the joint to help prevent degradation.

The 69-year-old Clintonville resident said he had been pretty active in his 50s, leading to problems with the right knee. He eventually had his meniscus removed. He had been through physical therapy, cortisone shots and gel injections, but the pain persisted.

The therapy, he said, was a no-brainer. He was sold because the procedure involved putting his own fluids into his body with no foreign objects and no drugs.

Dr. Joe Ruane, the orthopedic doctor who treated Matko, introduced the therapy at OhioHealth, but there are a number of places using the therapy around the state and country.

It's used to treat people with osteoarthritis, the type of arthritis caused by wear and tear.

Ruane said that the need for total knee replacements in the U.S. is expected to climb by 600 percent in the next 20 years, and there is concern that there might not be enough surgeons to perform the procedures.

We need an alternative, and patients are looking for alternatives, and given the choice between a knee replacement and an injection, many patients would choose an injection, he said.

The treatment involved removing Matkos bone marrow from the back of his pelvic bone, a process done in the office under general anesthesia. The marrow was then processed to form a concentrate of stem cells and other growth factors.

Matko also had blood drawn to create platelet-rich plasma, which acts as a signaling system to get the stem cells to respond.

Ruane injected both components into the knee, delivering more than 100 stimulating and growth factors to the joint.

Ruane said the process inhibits irritating chemicals that contribute to inflammation, decreases the activity of enzymes that break down cartilage, and helps the knee to make some of its own joint fluid again.

And, to a small degree, it does help regrow some of the tissue in the knee that has been destroyed by the arthritis, Ruane said.

The procedures are most effective in young patients with early arthritis, said Dr. Adolph Lombardi of Joint Implant Surgeons in New Albany, where stem-cell and platelet-rich plasma injections are offered as separate therapies. It won't help with bone-on-bone disease, he said.

While other injections might offer short-term pain relief, platelet-rich plasma has been shown to offer a full year of relief, said Lombardi, who works with the Mount Carmel Health System. The idea is that bone-marrow stem cells, when injected into a hip or knee, can differentiate into cartilage cells and help with regeneration.

"All of this is very new but it seems to be extremely promising," Lombardi said. "This is using their own bodies' healing potential to maintain cartilage and relieve pain."

Dr. Michael Baria performs the procedure at Wexner Medical Center at Ohio State University, where the bone-marrow and platelet-rich plasma injections also are offered as separate treatments. He agreed that the hope with the bone-marrow injections is that the stem cells turn into cartilage cells, improving or halting the osteoarthritis disease.

But in his experience, the treatment is helpful for patients with advanced disease.

"The most common patient we see for this is going to be in late-stage arthritis, so kind of at the end of their rope," Baria said. "Platelet-rich plasma is usually not as good for bone-on-bone arthritis. Bone marrow doesnt seem to be limited by bone on bone."

The body has trouble healing arthritis because cartilage doesnt get enough blood supply, Ruane said. Injecting the stem cells boosts the bodys own process.

While platelet-rich plasma has been shown to decrease inflammation, stem-cell use is newer and has yet to be proven effective, Baria noted.

OhioHealth andJoint Implant Surgeons are currently in the midst of controlled randomized trials, hoping to prove the effectiveness of the procedures and obtain approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

Unless that happens, the procedure will be considered experimental, and insurance doesnt cover costs. Matko paid $2,800 for the injections at OhioHealth.

Before the treatment, Matko was having trouble with mundane things like going up and down stairs and with other activities, such as taking hikes or walks with his wife or working out. A retired police officer, he now works as a business consultant and spends a lot of time on his feet, so he was looking for better mobility there as well.

Matko said the injections have helped his knee, which is getting progressively better over time. He said hes been able to increase his activity, getting back to the gym and taking hikes and walks. He has minimal pain climbing stairs and hes more comfortable in his work.

Im not saying its all better but its much better, Matko said. Its headed in the right direction.

He realizes the treatment is not a cure.

Im not looking for a miracle, he said. I just want to forestall problems as long as possible.

.

.

jviviano@dispatch.com

@JoAnneViviano

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Patients' plasma, stem cells help knee problems - The Columbus Dispatch

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The hypothalamus, a command center deep in the brain, helps control everything from hunger to sleep.

Roger Harris/Science Source

By Mitch LeslieJul. 26, 2017 , 1:00 PM

If these sweltering summer days prompt you to reach for a cold drink, you can thank your hypothalamus, a region of the brain that helps us regulate body temperature and other internal conditions. Butthe region may failus when we get older. A new study in mice suggests that the hypothalamus promotes aging, hastening physical and mental decline as its stem cells die off.

Its a pretty stunning paper, says Charles Mobbs, a neuroendocrinologist at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinaiin New York City. The new aging mechanism is totally novel and quite unexpected, adds neuroendocrinologist Marianna Sadagurski of Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan.

Tucked away deep in the brain, the hypothalamus monitors and maintains our blood concentration, our body temperature, and other physiological variables. Researchers have also suspected that it plays a role in aging. The hypothalamus becomes inflamed as we get older, and 4 years ago a team led by neurodendocrinologist Dongsheng Cai of Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York City showed that quelling this inflammation delays physical deterioration and boosts life span in mice.

In the new study, the team turned its attention to the hypothalamuss stem cells, which in young animals divide to produce replacements for dead and damaged cells. As mice get older, the scientists found, the number of stem cells in the hypothalamus plunges. By later ages they are basically all gone,Cai says.

To determine whether this loss promotes aging, researchers tried to speed up the process, genetically altering mice so that stem cells in the hypothalamus died when the animals were dosed with an antiviral drug. Knocking off some 70% of the cells shortened the mices lives by about 8%, the team reports today in Nature. The mices memory, coordination, and endurance also suffered. Behaviorally, they were like grumpy grandparents, less social and curious than youthful rodents. For example, when researchers put a new object into their cages, controlmice spent about twice as long exploring it than did their modified counterparts.

Next, the team tried to reverse this deterioration by injecting stem cells into the hypothalami of middle-aged animals. Mice that received the stem cells outlived mice injected with a different type of brain cell by more than 10%, and they retained more of their physical and mental capabilities. In humans, the extra boost could mean a few more years of healthy life, Mobbs notes.

Researchers assume the loss of stem cells causes organs and tissues to wear out gradually because they cant replenish their lost cells. But because injecting stem cells into the mice produced benefits quickly, Cai and his colleagues concluded a faster-acting mechanism was at work.

Their suspicions fell on RNA molecules known as microRNAs, which stem cells manufacture and release. These microRNAs ferry messages to other cells, altering which proteins they produce. The researchers found that stem cells from the hypothalamus pump out huge amounts of microRNAs, packaged in tiny containers called exosomes. They also found that injecting mice with microRNA-rich exosomes isolated from cultures of young hypothalamus stem cells slowed the animals physical and cognitive breakdown almost as much as injections of stem cells.

The big question is how those microRNAs influence function, Mobbs says. The molecules could spur other cells to curb inflammation or stress, Cai says, though he isnt certain how they work. Where the microRNAs exert their effects is also a mystery. Their targets may be other cells in the brain or the spinal cord, but they might also slip into the bloodstream and prod cells elsewhere in the body.

The work suggests that protecting or replacing the hypothalamuss stem cellsor replicating the effects of the microRNAscould slow aging in humans. It might also be possible to suppress the inflammation that provokes the stem cell die-off, Sadagurski says. She says some current drugs, including the diabetes treatment acarbose, curb inflammation in the hypothalamus and may be worth testing.

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The breakdown of this brain region may accelerate aging - Science Magazine

Spinal Cord Stem Cells Comments Off on The breakdown of this brain region may accelerate aging – Science Magazine | July 31st, 2017

According to recent study, advancements in materials from this study could potentially help patients requiring stem cell therapies for spinal cord injuries, stroke, Parkinsons disease, Alzheimers disease, arthritic joints or any other condition requiring tissue regeneration. Earlier research revolved around the role of autoimmunity in terms of a treatment.

Its important in the context of cell therapies for people to cure these diseases or regenerate tissues that are no longer functional, shared Samuel I. Stupp, director of Northwesterns Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology and Board of Trustees Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, Chemistry, Medicine and Biomedical Engineering.

Cells in our bodies are constantly being signalled with many types of instructions coming from proteins and other molecules present in the matrices that surround them. For example, these can be cues for cells to express specific genes so they can proliferate or differentiate into several types of cells leading to growth or regeneration of tissues. One of the marvels of this signalling machinery is the built-in capacity in living organisms to make signals stop and restart as needed, or to switch off one signal and activate a different one to orchestrate very complex processes.

Building artificial materials with this type of dynamic capacity for regenerative therapies has been virtually impossible so far. The new work published today reports the development of the first synthetic material that has the capability to trigger reversibly this type of dynamic signalling. The platform could not only lead to materials that manage stem cells for more effective regenerative therapies, but will also allow scientists to explore and discover in the laboratory new ways to control the fate of cells and their functions.

One of the findings is the possibility of using the synthetic material to signal neural stem cells to proliferate, then at a specific time selected by the operator, trigger their differentiation into neurons and then return the stem cells back to a proliferative state on demand. The paper also reports that spinal cord neural stem cells, initially grouped into structures known as neurospheres, can be driven to spread out and differentiate using a signal.

But when this signal is switched off, the cells spontaneously regroup themselves into colonies. This uncovers strong interactions among these cells that could be important in understanding developmental and regenerative cues. The potential use of the new technology to manipulate cells could help cure a patient with Parkinsons disease. The patients own skin cells could be converted to stem cells using existing techniques.

The new technology could help expand the newly converted stem cells in vitro in the lab and then drive their differentiation into dopamine-producing neurons before transplantation back to the patient. In the new technology, materials are chemically decorated with different strands of DNA, each designed to display a different signal to cells.

People would love to have cell therapies that utilize stem cells derived from their own bodies to regenerate tissue. In principle, this will eventually be possible, but one needs procedures that are effective at expanding and differentiating cells in order to do so. Our technology does that, noted Stupp. While this process is currently only done in vitro with the vision of then transplanting cells, Stupp said in the future it might be possible to perform this process in vivo.

The stem cells would be implanted in the clinic, encapsulated in the type of material described in the new work, via an injection and targeted to a particular spot. Then the soluble molecules would be given to the patient to manipulate proliferation and differentiation of transplanted cells. The study was published in journal Nature Communications.

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Cell therapy may be key to treating Alzheimer's & Parkinson's - Economic Times

Spinal Cord Stem Cells Comments Off on Cell therapy may be key to treating Alzheimer’s & Parkinson’s – Economic Times | July 13th, 2017

Fear becomes a constant companion when ones child is desperately ill.

Kim Lahti-Scranton knows this all too well as her daughter Jane is fighting for her life at BC Childrens Hospital.

As much as Janes journey is all-consuming, Kim is helping a desperate woman to get young people to donate bone marrow in order to find a better match for her son, Noah, who is in critical need of a bone marrow transplant soon.

The Scranton family is living in Vancouvers Ronald McDonald House and shares a kitchen with 17-year-old Noah Stoltes family.

Noah survived a first round of cancer when he was 10. In April, the family was given the terrifying news that he had relapsed.

His mom thought they were going to find a match within family; theyre 100 per cent Dutch, says Kim, noting family members are usually the best choice, but his three sisters are only a 50 per cent match.

Out of the worldwide pool of donors, there are two people who are a 75 per cent genetic match and are being considered, one of whom lives in Europe. The lower the match, the more chance there is for complications and a less than optimal outcome.

There is a time crunch as Noah needs to have a transplant sometime in September and it can take a couple of months from registration to donation.

One of Kims nephews is an NHL player, who used his connections to help Noahs aunt interest 85 people in becoming bone marrow donors in Edmonton.

Unable to get help from Canadian Blood Services to organize a similar drive in Vancouver because of staffing issues, Kim and Noahs mother, Stacey VanderLee Stolte, went to a Vancouver Canadians game to raise awareness and hopefully encourage people to sign up to be on the registry for stem cell or bone marrow donation.

We were met with a whole range of responses from people who were incredibly receptive, to people who completely ignored us and everything in between, says Kim. We got some interesting comments like no kid would want my bone marrow, Ive done too many drugs, to other people saying no because they thought if they were a match that donating bone marrow would be too painful.

Dr. Lucy Turnham, a clinical associate who oversees the outpatient oncology clinic at BC Childrens Hospital, has performed Janes procedures and says males between the ages of 17 and 35 are the best resource.

Its one of the most wonderful charitable donations you can do, Turnham says, noting many people never receive a call. It has a huge impact on a patient who has no other options.

Turnham explains that donors are educated before they do a swab. If they are told they are a match, they can still say no at any time. They then undergo further testing and maybe counselling at that point, and can still back out an any time.

If they had said yes and the patient begins treatment to get rid of the diseased cells prior to transplant, and then the donor backs out, the patients life is at serious risk, so it is important to know what you are getting into before saying yes, Kim stresses. If the donor says yes to the procedure, they are told beforehand when the treatment would start and told when the last chance to back out would be.

Stem cell donations can be made in two ways: the donor is hooked to a machine with IVs in each arm. Blood is taken from one arm, stem cells are removed, the blood is replaced through the IV in the other arm where the body grows more stem cells.

Or, the donor is anesthetized, a needle is placed into the hip bone from the back and part of the bone marrow is sucked out.

You might be a little bit sore afterwards, but for less than 24 hours, Turnham says, noting women can be donors but not if they have been pregnant. Young bone marrow is more robust and we regenerate marrow and blood all the time.

Becoming a donor is not a speedy process for people living in smaller communities, but would-be donors can receive a swab kit through the mail and return it postage-free.

Marc Plante, a representative with the national office of Canadian Blood Services, says people can go to http://www.blood.ca and proceed to the Stem Cells tab at the top of the page.

If you have an opportunity to save a life and just put up with a couple of days of discomfort, I would do it in a heartbeat, says Kim, who must also face the reality that Jane could one day be in the same dilemma. If most people had the opportunity to save a life, they would do it.

The Scrantons have been living at Ronald McDonald House for several months, while Jane receives treatment.

Shes as good as can be expected; shes very compromised and we need to make sure shes not exposed to anything, says Kim, noting the first, and this, the fourth phase of treatment, are considered to be the toughest. She has nothing to fight off infection.

There is another terrifying aspect to this disease.

As well as living with the fear of potential relapse, some of the chemo drugs being used to treat Jane increase the risk of heart disease and cause secondary cancer, neuro-cognitive issues and behavioural issues.

We dont know if its coming or what it will be, but we dont have a choice, we have to save her life now and deal with the consequences later, Kim says. Youre just kind of waiting for the other shoe to drop, for things to take a turn, its not fun. And while Jane will require a lot of follow-up assessment in the years to come, the tough little hero turns six on Aug. 12.

She has everything she needs; I just want people to sign up for the bone marrow registry or donate blood, Kim says, noting she is grateful for the communitys support throughout the ordeal.

If you cant donate but would like to help Jane celebrate, you can take birthday cards to the Salmar Grand Theatre where manager Daila Duford will make sure they get to their destination.

Excerpt from:
Bone marrow transplant last chance - Revelstoke Review - Revelstoke Review

Bone Marrow Stem Cells Comments Off on Bone marrow transplant last chance – Revelstoke Review – Revelstoke Review | July 12th, 2017

According to recent study, advancements in materials from this study could potentially help patients requiring stem cell therapies for spinal cord injuries, stroke, Parkinsons disease, Alzheimers disease, arthritic joints or any other condition requiring tissue regeneration. Earlier research revolved around the role of autoimmunity in terms of a treatment.

Its important in the context of cell therapies for people to cure these diseases or regenerate tissues that are no longer functional, shared Samuel I. Stupp, director of Northwesterns Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology and Board of Trustees Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, Chemistry, Medicine and Biomedical Engineering.

Cells in our bodies are constantly being signalled with many types of instructions coming from proteins and other molecules present in the matrices that surround them. For example, these can be cues for cells to express specific genes so they can proliferate or differentiate into several types of cells leading to growth or regeneration of tissues. One of the marvels of this signalling machinery is the built-in capacity in living organisms to make signals stop and restart as needed, or to switch off one signal and activate a different one to orchestrate very complex processes.

The new technology manipulates cells by converting the skin cells to cure a patient with Parkinsons disease. (Shutterstock)

Building artificial materials with this type of dynamic capacity for regenerative therapies has been virtually impossible so far. The new work published today reports the development of the first synthetic material that has the capability to trigger reversibly this type of dynamic signalling. The platform could not only lead to materials that manage stem cells for more effective regenerative therapies, but will also allow scientists to explore and discover in the laboratory new ways to control the fate of cells and their functions.

One of the findings is the possibility of using the synthetic material to signal neural stem cells to proliferate, then at a specific time selected by the operator, trigger their differentiation into neurons and then return the stem cells back to a proliferative state on demand. The paper also reports that spinal cord neural stem cells, initially grouped into structures known as neurospheres, can be driven to spread out and differentiate using a signal.

But when this signal is switched off, the cells spontaneously regroup themselves into colonies. This uncovers strong interactions among these cells that could be important in understanding developmental and regenerative cues. The potential use of the new technology to manipulate cells could help cure a patient with Parkinsons disease. The patients own skin cells could be converted to stem cells using existing techniques.

The new technology could help expand the newly converted stem cells in vitro in the lab and then drive their differentiation into dopamine-producing neurons before transplantation back to the patient. In the new technology, materials are chemically decorated with different strands of DNA, each designed to display a different signal to cells.

People would love to have cell therapies that utilize stem cells derived from their own bodies to regenerate tissue. In principle, this will eventually be possible, but one needs procedures that are effective at expanding and differentiating cells in order to do so. Our technology does that, noted Stupp. While this process is currently only done in vitro with the vision of then transplanting cells, Stupp said in the future it might be possible to perform this process in vivo.

The stem cells would be implanted in the clinic, encapsulated in the type of material described in the new work, via an injection and targeted to a particular spot. Then the soluble molecules would be given to the patient to manipulate proliferation and differentiation of transplanted cells. The study was published in journal Nature Communications.

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Cells may hold key to treating Parkinson's disease - Hindustan Times

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Cells may hold key to treating Parkinson’s disease – Hindustan Times | July 12th, 2017

Investigators from Brigham and Womens Hospital (BWH) and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute (HSCI) may have discovered a way to kill tumor cells that have metastasized to the brain.

The team has developed cancer-killing viruses that can deliver stem cells via the carotid artery, and applied them to metastatic tumors in the brains of clinically relevant mouse models. The elimination of metastatic skin cancer cells from the brains of these preclinical models resulted in prolonged survival, the investigators report. The study, published online this week in the journal PNAS, also describes a strategy of combining this therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Metastatic brain tumors often from lung, breast, or skin cancers are the most commonly observed tumors within the brain and account for about 40 percent of advanced melanoma metastases. Current therapeutic options for such patients are limited, particularly when there are many metastases, said Khalid Shah, director of the Center for Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging (CSTI) in the BWH Department of Neurosurgery, who led the study. Our results are the first to provide insight into ways of targeting multiple brain metastatic deposits with stem-cell-loaded oncolytic viruses that specifically kill dividing tumor cells.

In their search for novel, tumor-specific therapies that could target multiple metastases in the brain without damaging adjacent tissues, the research team first developed different BRAF wild-type and mutant mouse models that more closely mimicked what is seen in patients.

They found that injecting patient-derived, brain-seeking melanoma cells into the carotid arteries of the preclinical models resulted in metastatic tumors forming throughout the brain, mimicking what is seen in advanced melanoma cancer patients. The injected cells express markers that allow them to enter the brain and are labeled with bioluminescent and fluorescent markers to enable tracking by imaging technologies.

To devise a potential new therapy, the investigators engineered a population of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells loaded with oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV), which specifically kills dividing cancer cells while sparing normal cells.

Previous research by Shah and his colleagues had shown that different stem cell types were naturally attracted to tumors in the brain. After first verifying that stem cells injected to the brain would travel to multiple metastatic sites and not to tumor-free areas in their model, the team injected the oHSV-laden stem cells into the carotid arteries of metastasis-bearing mice. This led to significantly slower tumor growth and increased survival, compared with the models that received unaltered stem cells or control injections.

Shah and his colleagues also developed an immunocompetent melanoma mouse model and explored treatments with both stem cell-loaded oHSV and immune checkpoint blockers such as those that target the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. They found that PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade significantly improved the therapeutic efficacy of stem cell-based oncolytic virotherapy in melanoma brain metastasis.

We are currently developing similar animal models of brain metastasis from other cancer types, as well as new oncolytic viruses that have the ability to specifically kill a wide variety of resistant tumor cells, said Shah, who is also a professor at Harvard Medical School and a principal faculty member at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute. We are hopeful that our findings will overcome problems associated with current clinical procedures. This work will have direct implications for designing clinical trials using oncolytic viruses for metastatic tumors in the brain.

The study was supported by a Department of Defense Idea Award and a grant from the National Institutes of Health.

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New approach may kill tumor cells in the brain - Harvard Gazette

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on New approach may kill tumor cells in the brain – Harvard Gazette | July 12th, 2017

"The FDA's decision to allow Asterias to enroll qualified patients with C-4 level injuries is the result of the data supporting the safety of both AST-OPC1 and the procedure to inject the cells, and means that the second most common cervical spinal cord injury population can now be eligible to receive AST-OPC1," said Dr. Edward Wirth, Chief Medical Officer of Asterias. "The overall changes to the study protocol will enhance our ability to enroll qualified patient candidates for our current SCiStar study and we also expect the changes to help enrollment rates in a future, larger clinical study."

The protocol amendment will expand patient eligibility and enable study investigators to administer AST-OPC1 to patients with injuries at one vertebral level higher than the trial's previous C-5 limitation, to the fourth cervical vertebra down, known as C-4, near the middle of the neck. A C-4 cervical level injury, the second most common level of SCI in the SCiStar study's targeted patient population, generally means that the injured person is paralyzed from the neck down and requires round-the-clock care. The lifetime direct costs of care for a patient suffering a high cervical spinal cord injury, such as a C-4 spinal cord injury, can approach $5 million. As suggested by existing research, if these patients can show two motor levels of improvement on at least one side they may regain the ability to perform daily activities such as feeding, dressing and bathing, which increases their quality of life and independence and significantly reduces the overall level of required daily assistance and associated healthcare costs for these patients.

In addition, the amendment to inclusion parameters will also expand the dosing window to 21 to 42 days after a patient's spinal cord injury occurs, providing study investigators more time to screen patients to determine if they are eligible to participate in the SCiStar study. The expansion of the dosing window is supported by recent preclinical research that indicated AST-OPC1 cells can durably engraft at a patient's injury site when administered up to two months after the date of injury.

About the SCiStar Trial

The SCiStar trial is an open-label, single-arm trial testing three sequential escalating doses of AST-OPC1 administered at up to 20 million AST-OPC1 cells in as many as 35 patients with subacute, C-4 to C-7, motor complete (AIS-A or AIS-B) cervical SCI. These individuals have essentially lost all movement below their injury site and experience severe paralysis of the upper and lower limbs. AIS-A patients have lost all motor and sensory function below their injury site, while AIS-B patients have lost all motor function but may have retained some minimal sensory function below their injury site. AST-OPC1 is being administered 21 to 42 days post-injury. Patients will be followed by neurological exams and imaging procedures to assess the safety and activity of the product.

The study is being conducted at six centers in the U.S. and the company plans to increase this to up to 12 sites to accommodate the expanded patient enrollment. Clinical sites involved in the study include the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee, Shepherd Medical Center in Atlanta, University of Southern California (USC) jointly with Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center in Los Angeles, Indiana University, Rush University Medical Center in Chicago and Santa Clara Valley Medical Center in San Jose jointly with Stanford University.

Asterias has received a Strategic Partnerships Award grant from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, which provides $14.3 million of non-dilutive funding for the Phase 1/2a clinical trial and other product development activities for AST-OPC1.

Additional information on the Phase 1/2a trial, including trial sites, can be found at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, using Identifier NCT02302157, and at the SCiStar Study Website (www.SCiStar-study.com).

About AST-OPC1

AST-OPC1, an oligodendrocyte progenitor population derived from human embryonic stem cells originally isolated in 1998, has been shown in animals and in vitro to have three potentially reparative functions that address the complex pathologies observed at the injury site of a spinal cord injury. These activities of AST-OPC1 include production of neurotrophic factors, stimulation of vascularization, and induction of remyelination of denuded axons, all of which are critical for survival, regrowth and conduction of nerve impulses through axons at the injury site. In preclinical animal testing, AST-OPC1 administration led to remyelination of axons, improved hindlimb and forelimb locomotor function, dramatic reductions in injury-related cavitation and significant preservation of myelinated axons traversing the injury site.

In a previous Phase 1 clinical trial, five patients with neurologically complete, thoracic spinal cord injury were administered two million AST-OPC1 cells at the spinal cord injury site 7-14 days post-injury. Based on the results of this study, Asterias received clearance from FDA to progress testing of AST-OPC1 to patients with cervical spine injuries in the current SCiStar study, which represents the first targeted population for registration trials. Asterias has completed enrollment in the first two cohorts of this study. Results to date have continued to support the safety of AST-OPC1, with no serious adverse events related to AST-OPC1 or its administration. Additionally, Asterias has recently reported results suggesting reduced cavitation and improved motor function in patients administered AST-OPC1 in the SCiStar trial.

About Asterias Biotherapeutics

Asterias Biotherapeutics, Inc. is a biotechnology company pioneering the field of regenerative medicine. The company's proprietary cell therapy programs are based on its pluripotent stem cell and immunotherapy platform technologies. Asterias is presently focused on advancing three clinical-stage programs which have the potential to address areas of very high unmet medical need in the fields of neurology and oncology. AST-OPC1 (oligodendrocyte progenitor cells) is currently in a Phase 1/2a dose escalation clinical trial in spinal cord injury. AST-VAC1 (antigen-presenting autologous dendritic cells) is undergoing continuing development by Asterias based on promising efficacy and safety data from a Phase 2 study in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), with current efforts focused on streamlining and modernizing the manufacturing process. AST-VAC2 (antigen-presenting allogeneic dendritic cells) represents a second generation, allogeneic cancer immunotherapy. The company's research partner, Cancer Research UK, plans to begin a Phase 1/2a clinical trial of AST-VAC2 in non-small cell lung cancer in 2017. Additional information about Asterias can be found at http://www.asteriasbiotherapeutics.com.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Statements pertaining to future financial and/or operating and/or clinical research results, future growth in research, technology, clinical development, and potential opportunities for Asterias, along with other statements about the future expectations, beliefs, goals, plans, or prospects expressed by management constitute forward-looking statements. Any statements that are not historical fact (including, but not limited to statements that contain words such as "will," "believes," "plans," "anticipates," "expects," "estimates") should also be considered to be forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, including, without limitation, risks inherent in the development and/or commercialization of potential products, uncertainty in the results of clinical trials or regulatory approvals, need and ability to obtain future capital, and maintenance of intellectual property rights. Actual results may differ materially from the results anticipated in these forward-looking statements and as such should be evaluated together with the many uncertainties that affect the businesses of Asterias, particularly those mentioned in the cautionary statements found in Asterias' filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Asterias disclaims any intent or obligation to update these forward-looking statements.

View original content:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/asterias-biotherapeutics-receives-fda-clearance-to-enroll-c-4-patients-in-scistar-study-300485009.html

SOURCE Asterias Biotherapeutics, Inc.

http://www.asteriasbiotherapeutics.com

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Asterias Biotherapeutics Receives FDA Clearance to Enroll C-4 Patients in SCiStar Study - PR Newswire (press release)

Spinal Cord Stem Cells Comments Off on Asterias Biotherapeutics Receives FDA Clearance to Enroll C-4 Patients in SCiStar Study – PR Newswire (press release) | July 11th, 2017

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WVU researchers study leukemia, bone marrow treatments - The Dominion Post

Bone Marrow Stem Cells Comments Off on WVU researchers study leukemia, bone marrow treatments – The Dominion Post | July 8th, 2017

Stem cells have long been used to treat blood cancers and some immune diseases. But some doctors are offering stem cell treatments for diseases still under clinical trial. Photograph: Mauricio Lima/AFP/Getty Images

Medical and legal experts from around the world have united to call for more stringent regulation of stem cell therapies to prevent people pursuing unproven and potentially deadly treatments overseas.

In a perspective piece for the US journal Science Translational Medicine, 15 experts from countries including the UK, the US, Canada, Belgium, Italy and Japan wrote that national efforts alone would not be enough to counter an industry offering unproven treatments to vulnerable patients.

Stem cell-based interventions are classified under diverse and potentially incompatible national regulatory frameworks, the authors wrote.

Approaches for international regulation not only need to develop consistent rules over the commercialisation of medical practices and products but also need to give them teeth by developing cross-border partnerships for compliance.

Stem cells found in bone marrow and umbilical cord blood have long been used to successfully treat blood cancers including leukaemia and some immune diseases. But those are among the few proven treatments. Legitimate and ethics-approved clinical trials by academic centres are also occurring, exploring the potential of stem cells to treat a wider range of diseases.

But some doctors are directly offering to the general public stem cell treatments for diseases still under clinical trial or for which no evidence exists and for which the safety and efficacy is as yet unproven.

Deaths as a result of stem cell treatments have already occurred. In 2013 Sheila Drysdale died in a New South Wales nursing home after undergoing an unproven liposuction stem-cell therapy at a western Sydney clinic. Following Drysldales death, her doctor, Ralph Bright, gave a statement to police in which he claimed that stem-cell treatment could improve comorbidities and that stem cells could move from joints to other parts of the body to improve disease in distant sites including lungs and brain, vision, mentation and pain.

In his report into Drysdales death, the coroner Hugh Dillon wrote that he could not say what motivated Dr Bright to perform this unproven, dubious procedure on Sheila Drysdale.

But regardless of his motivation, Dr Brights performance as a medical practitioner was, for the reasons outlined above, poor and resulted in Sheila Drysdales death.

The Medical Council of NSW investigated Bright and placed a number of restrictions on his right to practice. Bright is still authorised to practise stem cell therapy for patients with osteoarthritis or who are taking part in research studies approved by an ethics committee. He is also still allowed to treat patients returning for remaining injections of stored cells.

In 2013 a Queensland woman, Kellie van Meurs, died when she travelled to Russia to undergo stem-cell treatment for a rare neurological disorder. She died of a heart attack as a result.

Australias drug regulator, the Therapeutic Goods Administration, last year sought feedback on the regulation of autologous stem-cell therapies but is yet to publish those submissions. The TGA now considers autologous treatments, which involve treating someone with their own tissue or cells, to be a therapeutic good and, therefore, does not regulate them. Stem cells used for medical practice and therapeutic purposes are covered by different regulatory frameworks.

Associate Professor Megan Munsie, a University of Melbourne stem cell scientist and a co-author of the paper, said: The idea that stem cells are magical holds court in the community, along with this idea the advances in treatment are being held up by red tape.

Unethical health practitioners exploited this, she said, along with the vulnerability of patients with difficult-to-treat or incurable conditions.

There is a precedent for international regulation of this industry because regulations already exist around drugs the way they are manufactured, she said.

This could be extended to the regulation to the stem cell and tissue-based therapies. This international stance would then force or encourage stronger local regulations.

There have been successful efforts by scientists to push back against unscrupulous doctors. In Italy scientists and regulators highlighted the unproven yet government-subsidised treatments being offered by the entrepreneur Davide Vannoni and fought to stop him. He was convicted of criminal charges but the sentence was later suspended.

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Stem cell therapies: medical experts call for strict international rules - The Guardian

Bone Marrow Stem Cells Comments Off on Stem cell therapies: medical experts call for strict international rules – The Guardian | July 6th, 2017

KYOTO Embryonic stem cells for regenerative medicine will become available to medical institutions by the March 2018 end of fiscal 2017, Hirofumi Suemori, associate professor at Kyoto Universitys Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, has said.

Suemori also said Tuesday that ES cells for medical treatment, which have been approved by both the health and science ministries, would be created from October at the earliest.

To make ES cells, Kyoto University will work with Adachi Hospital in the city of Kyoto, which offers infertility treatment, to use fertilized eggs that would otherwise be disposed of.

The university hopes to obtain unwanted fertilized eggs from patients undergoing infertility treatment. The fertilized eggs are expected to be provided from around next February, the university said.

ES cells have the potential to become a variety of cell types much as induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells do. Using ES cells, clinical trials are being conducted abroad on retinopathy, spinal cord injuries, Parkinsons disease, diabetes and cardiac disorders.

Many patients have qualms about discarding fertilized eggs, said Adachi Hospital Director Hiroshi Hatayama, who joined Suemori for a news conference. We can present an option to them, Hatayama said.

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Embryonic stem cells to be available for medical use in Japan by next March - The Japan Times

Spinal Cord Stem Cells Comments Off on Embryonic stem cells to be available for medical use in Japan by next March – The Japan Times | July 5th, 2017

Posted in: News, Police & Crime | Comments (2)

By Lieutenant D. Bittner #3252, Antioch Police Investigations Division

On Monday, July 3, 2017 at approximately 8:26 PM, a robbery and homicide occurred at the corner of Hillcrest Avenue and E. 18th Street. An officer involved shooting by an Antioch Police Department patrol officer occurred at the scene of the robbery and homicide. The homicide was not a result of the officer involved shooting. The Antioch Police Department and the Contra Costa County Office of the District Attorney are currently investigating the incident. The investigation is in its early stages and no further information will be released, at this time.

Anyone with information is asked to call the Antioch Police Department non-emergency line at (925) 778-2441. You may also text-a-tip to 274637 (CRIMES) using the key word ANTIOCH.

Publisher @ July 4, 2017

Posted in: History | Comments (0)

A copy of the Declaration of Independence.

Following is the text of the Declaration of Independence in celebration of Independence Day, July 4th, 2017:

IN CONGRESS, July 4, 1776.

The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America,

When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Natures God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world.

He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.

He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his Assent should be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.

He has refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of Representation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only.

He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.

He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people.

He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions, to cause others to be elected; whereby the Legislative powers, incapable of Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise; the State remaining in the mean time exposed to all the dangers of invasion from without, and convulsions within.

He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migrations hither, and raising the conditions of new Appropriations of Lands.

He has obstructed the Administration of Justice, by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary powers.

He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone, for the tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries.

He has erected a multitude of New Offices, and sent hither swarms of Officers to harrass our people, and eat out their substance.

He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures.

He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil power.

He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his Assent to their Acts of pretended Legislation:

For Quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:

For protecting them, by a mock Trial, from punishment for any Murders which they should commit on the Inhabitants of these States:

For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world:

For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent:

For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury:

For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offences

For abolishing the free System of English Laws in a neighbouring Province, establishing therein an Arbitrary government, and enlarging its Boundaries so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule into these Colonies:

For taking away our Charters, abolishing our most valuable Laws, and altering fundamentally the Forms of our Governments:

For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever.

He has abdicated Government here, by declaring us out of his Protection and waging War against us.

He has plundered our seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.

He is at this time transporting large Armies of foreign Mercenaries to compleat the works of death, desolation and tyranny, already begun with circumstances of Cruelty & perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the Head of a civilized nation. He has constrained our fellow Citizens taken Captive on the high Seas to bear Arms against their Country, to become the executioners of their friends and Brethren, or to fall themselves by their Hands. He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has endeavoured to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian Savages, whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes and conditions.

In every stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for Redress in the most humble terms: Our repeated Petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. A Prince whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a Tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.

Nor have We been wanting in attentions to our Brittish brethren. We have warned them from time to time of attempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred to disavow these usurpations, which, would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. They too have been deaf to the voice of justice and of consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, which denounces our Separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, Enemies in War, in Peace Friends.

We, therefore, the Representatives of the united States of America, in General Congress, Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the Name, and by Authority of the good People of these Colonies, solemnly publish and declare, That these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States; that they are Absolved from all Allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved; and that as Free and Independent States, they have full Power to levy War, conclude Peace, contract Alliances, establish Commerce, and to do all other Acts and Things which Independent States may of right do. And for the support of this Declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our Fortunes and our sacred Honor.

The 56 signatures on the Declaration appear in the positions indicated:

Column 1

Georgia:

Button Gwinnett

Lyman Hall

George Walton

Column 2

North Carolina:

William Hooper

Joseph Hewes

John Penn

South Carolina:

Edward Rutledge

Thomas Heyward, Jr.

Thomas Lynch, Jr.

Arthur Middleton

Column 3

Massachusetts:

John Hancock

Maryland:

Samuel Chase

William Paca

Thomas Stone

Charles Carroll of Carrollton

Virginia:

George Wythe

Richard Henry Lee

Thomas Jefferson

Benjamin Harrison

Thomas Nelson, Jr.

Francis Lightfoot Lee

Carter Braxton

Column 4

Pennsylvania: Robert Morris

Benjamin Rush

Benjamin Franklin

John Morton

George Clymer

James Smith

George Taylor

James Wilson

George Ross

Delaware: Caesar Rodney

George Read

Thomas McKean

Column 5

New York:

William Floyd

Philip Livingston

Francis Lewis

Lewis Morris

New Jersey:

Richard Stockton

John Witherspoon

Francis Hopkinson

John Hart

Abraham Clark

Column 6

New Hampshire:

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Nortriptyline hcl - What is nortriptyline generic for - Antioch Herald

IPS Cell Therapy Comments Off on Nortriptyline hcl – What is nortriptyline generic for – Antioch Herald | July 4th, 2017

Are you suffering from chronicjoint pain? If so, you may want to ask your doctor whetherstem cellinjections are right for you. If you want to avoid the surgical route of repairing a damaged knee or treating an arthritic shoulder, a stem cell injection may give you the relief you need.

Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. Policy

Stem cells are specialtypes of cells with the ability to self-renew or multiply. They have the potential to replicate any cell in your body. In other words, they canbecome a cartilage cell, a muscle cell or a nerve cell, says orthopedic surgeonAnthony Miniaci, MD.

They have a tremendous capacity to differentiate and form different tissues, so thats the thought behind regenerating cartilage, regenerating nerve cells and healing any injured tissues, he says.

The source of stem cells isfound in your own bone marrow orfat or you can also receive stem cells from donor sources, particularlyamniotic sourcessuch as the placenta or the amniotic fluid and lining surrounding a fetus. These cells are not part of the embryo, Dr. Miniaci says.

The number of stem cells that you have and theirquality and activity diminish as you get older, he says. Amniotic stem cells, on the other hand, are from young tissue, so theoretically these are younger, more active cells.

Thetreatment team harvests stem cells from your bone marrow or fat or uses donor cells . Later on, your treatment team injects the cells preciselyinto your joint, ligament or tendon.

Theoretically, the cells will then divide and duplicate themselves and develop into different types of cells depending on the location into which they have been injected. For example, if you have damagedknee cartilage, stem cells placed near the damaged cartilage can develop into new cartilage tissue.

However, for patients with asevere loss of cartilageor no cartilage at all, a stem cell injection is unlikely to createa new joint, Dr. Miniaci says.

Severe loss of cartilage typically leads to bone erosion or bone deformity, so a stem cell injection is highly unlikely to work in terms of reversing those changes, he says.

It can, however, improve your symptoms of pain and swelling.

The earlier you can treat someones joint pain, the better chance this has of working, making it less painful for thepatient, less inflamed, and improve their function, he says.

The main risk from a stem cell injection is in harvesting the stem cells. When taking the cells from your bone marrow, the treatment team inserts a large needle into your pelvis and removes some blood and the cells.

Any time you make incisions or insert sharp instrument into somebodys pelvis, they can have problems such as acquiring an infection, Dr. Miniaci says.

If youre taking the stem cells from fat, you you can remove some out from under the skin, he says. Again, you have a risk for an infection because were making little nicks into the skin to get to the fat.

While the use of stem cell injections to treatjoint painholds much promise, Dr. Miniaci cautions that this treatment option is still very new. Researchers needto study its effectiveness further.

We dont have a lot of data or proof indicating that stem cell injections actually repair the joint, he says.

He explains that if you have cartilage orbone damage, stem cells candifferentiate and produce bone and cartilage and tissues. So, theoretically, they could heal damaged tissue within a muscle, tendon, bone or cartilage.

Thats the theory behind it, but this type of treatment and research is just in its infancy, he says.

We really dont know whats effective, whats not effective, how many cells are necessary, how many actual injections you need and how often, he says. Nobody knows how well it works yet. But we will eventually.

Anecdotally, Dr. Miniaci finds that some patients can have significant improvement in their symptoms with stem cellinjections. But he has not seen any proof yet that they are regrowing or regenerating a joint.

Many people think that theyre going to come in with their arthritic joint and leave with a newer version of their knee joint. That doesnt happen, he says.

What does occur is a biological reaction which makes the environment in their joints a little healthier, which probably makes it less inflamed, and as result, gives them less pain.

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Stem Cell Injections: Emerging Option for Joint Pain Relief - Health Essentials from Cleveland Clinic (blog)

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Stem Cell Injections: Emerging Option for Joint Pain Relief – Health Essentials from Cleveland Clinic (blog) | July 4th, 2017

The calls had been coming for a few years, and Bill Holowaty couldn't say yes. His baseball spirit was willing. His body wasn't.

Holowaty won four national championships and 1,404 games before he stepped down in 2013 after 45 years as coach at Eastern Connecticut. Becoming president of the Greater Hartford Twilight Baseball League seemed perfect for a septuagenarian with baseball in his DNA, baseball in his blood.

The problem was this: Holowaty's DNA isn't the same. His blood type isn't the same.

That's what happens with Myelodysplastic Syndrome. That's what happens when your body that had carried you through the third most victories in Division III history no longer could make enough healthy blood cells. In short, Holowaty had bone marrow failure and needed a stem cell transplant last June 23 that changed his DNA and blood type from O to A. Otherwise, he wasn't going to be around for long.

"I'm celebrating my first birthday," Holowaty said recently. "June 23, my new birthday."

Fortunately, Type A loves baseball, too.

So Holowaty said yes this past winter to becoming president of the GHTBL, the amateur wood-bat league now in its 88th year. Over the decades, it is a league that has produced a large number of major leaguers, including 2017 Hall of Fame inductee Jeff Bagwell. It also is a league that has had to fight softball, other baseball leagues and the evolution of modern sports interest to keep its place on the map.

The first thing Holowaty did was bring together the managers for a couple of meetings at his house.

"I was extremely impressed with their enthusiasm and their desire to make the league better," Holowaty said. "I needed that. They motivated me. Look, I'm not going to change the world and make it the best league in the United States, etc. I told them I'll try to help. I just love to watch baseball and see it played the right way."

Holowaty, who played basketball at UConn, played for Wally Widholm on the playoff champion Hamilton Standard team in the summer of 1966. His sons played in the GHTBL, too.

"Wally taught me how to win, how to play the game of baseball," Holowaty said. "Later on, my son came to me and he said, 'Dad, I played in wood-bat leagues and played all over the place. I had my best experience playing for Gene Johnson this past summer.' Winning was important, not showing off. I loved that."

There was no way Holowaty could do this by himself. He surrounded himself with a strong executive committee that includes vice presidents Bill DePascale, Ed Slegeski and former UConn coach Andy Baylock.

"I've known Billy forever, since the '60s," said Baylock, who played two summers in the GHTBL. "He has had a lot health problems, but this is something he can put his heart into. He called and asked me to be a vice president. I said, 'Billy, will this make you happy if I join?' He said yes. I told him, 'I'll be with you.' Gene Johnson, who was such a mainstay in the league, died [in November 2014] and I felt this would be a good way to give back to the league and Gene."

The two state baseball legends obviously add recognition to the league. Yet it had to be more than that.

There is nothing worse, Holowaty said, than playing on a lousy field. Trinity College has a beautiful new facility. The league secured it for the playoffs. The teams are going to play throughout July 9 at Dunkin' Donuts Park. Holowaty, convinced the job of running a team is too big for one guy, wants each team to have a general manager. There were a couple of new teams added this year. There were sponsorships found. Holowaty also wants each team to have a mentor or two. On opening day, Holowaty and Baylock talked to the players about playing the game smart, aggressively, hustling, showing up on time. Little things that can become big things, like coaches wearing protective helmets at first and third base.

They've gone to games at various sites.

"Not to be a cop," Baylock said, "but to try to make sure things look good."

"We're not out there second-guessing managers," Holowaty said. "But a lot of great players have played in the league over nearly 90 years. I don't want a beer league. Baseball is one of the hardest games to teach and play. We've got a good league and want to make it better, a nice, competitive league where the guys enjoy themselves and learn the right way to play."

Those words came over the phone from Omaha a couple of weekends ago. He was out there for the College World Series. Holowaty is on the board of the American Baseball Coaches Association, its past president. This was a big trip for Holowaty.

"I couldn't go on an airplane for a year, or go out to eat," he said. "I had to wear a mask and gloves on the plane. The doctor told me I could go but have to be careful. My daughter [Jennifer] came with me to give my wife [Jan] four days' vacation.

"My wife has been taking care of me. Thank God for her."

In 2015, he was inducted into the National College Baseball Hall of Fame. It was in August of that year that Holowaty, after undergoing knee surgery, was told his blood cell counts had been dropping. He consulted a hematologist. He would have a bone marrow test late in 2015. Holowaty would need a stem cell transplant or else to use his words "I wasn't going to be around long, maybe a year." With plans to spend the winter in Florida, he would go to the Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville. There he began his treatment before returning to Connecticut.

A match in Germany, a young man, was found for Holowaty. On June 17, 2016, he went to the Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center in Boston. For nearly a week he underwent chemotherapy for six hours a day to kill his old blood cells. The stem cells were flown overnight from Germany and the next day, June 23, Holowaty was receiving a transplant.

There would be more chemo. The fight has been hard. His immune system had to start from scratch. He must be ultra-careful to avoid germs, mold, etc., thus the gloves and the mask.

Holowaty went through his problems like he was reading a lineup card. He had pneumonia. A blood vessel broke when he had a lung biopsy. He had some blood clots in his legs and lung that took months to be rid of. His heart went out of rhythm. He had an aneurysm in his stomach. The man always was a tough coach and now, physically, mentally, spiritually, he has been called on to be even tougher.

Jan drives Bill up to Boston once or twice a week.

"They take my blood and see where I am with red and white blood cells," Holowaty said. "You get new blood. The remaining old blood tries to fight off the new blood.

"You feel good. You want to feel good. You just can't feel good. You go to bed, get a night's sleep and wake up tired. I'll feel great and then last week I had a hard time walking across the room. It's exhausting. It's not painful. I'm fighting it. I could never do this alone."

He has found a source of inspiration in his former ECSU assistant coach Ron Jones.

"Ron has had the same thing," Holowaty said. "He started calling me up and telling me how to prepare myself, helping me get through this. Here's the thing he has called me every day since last June. We just talked today. He has had a tough time. Last October, he had pacemaker put in, and he's doing well now.

"Think about that. He calls me every single day."

That's what great baseball guys do. They take care of each other.

Holwaty paused for a second on the phone.

"The Twilight League," he said softly, "this is my way of giving back to the game I love."

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Jeff Jacobs: Hall Of Fame Coach Holowaty Fights Illness And Gives Back - Hartford Courant

Bone Marrow Stem Cells Comments Off on Jeff Jacobs: Hall Of Fame Coach Holowaty Fights Illness And Gives Back – Hartford Courant | July 2nd, 2017

When 14-year-old Aarav Gulati (name changed on request) met with an accident a couple of years ago while playing football, he injured his knee. A portion of the cartilage was damaged, and doctors used turned to a radical new procedure for a solution. They took Gulatis own cells, grew them in a lab and used them to replace the cartilage and repair the damage in a natural way.

He was an ideal case for the use of regenerative cell therapy that was a fairly new phenomenon in orthopaedic treatment in India, says Dr Yash Gulati, senior joint replacement and spine surgeon, New Delhis Indraprastha Apollo Hospital.

The regenerative cell therapy got US FDA approval this year, and the Apollo group partnered with RMS REGROW, a company that specialises in cell therapy technology, to exclusively offer the treatment to patients in India.

Instead of using artificial implants, the technique helps in healing the bone or cartilage damage in a natural way using a persons own cells to regain normal function. Cultured cells (grown in a lab) are injected into a patient to replace diseased or dysfunctional cells.

Instead of using artificial implants, the technique helps in healing the bone or cartilage damage in a natural way using a persons own cells to regain normal function. Cultured cells (grown in a lab) are injected into a patient to replace diseased or dysfunctional cells. (Illustration: Siddhant Jumde)

A small part of the joint cartilage is taken through a keyhole procedure, and is grown in a special manner to convert it into stem cells in the laboratory, says Dr Gulati. This is then applied on the area showing loss of joint cartilage.

Dr Gulati has so far treated 10 people using this therapy in Apollo, Delhi.

Stem cells lead to growth of joint cartilage in defective areas, and normal new cartilage re-grows. In bone damage, bone marrow cells are harvested, cultured and implanted in the area to be able to re-grow in a healthy way, Dr Gulati says.

In Mumbai, those in need of joint replacement because of injury, wear and tear or other lifestyle and ageing, are also realising that new cartilage can be grown in a lab from ones own cells and used instead of artificial materials.

Chondron or cartilage cell therapy is a patient-specific regenerative medical treatment which naturally regrows original cartilage. The therapy is used for repairing articular cartilage of the knee, ankle and shoulder joints and to help replace missing areas of cartilage.

This is a process where a biopsy of cartilage cells (chondrocytes) is taken from the patients knee, ankle or shoulder, says Satyen Sanghavi, chief scientific officer of Regenerative Medical Services Regrow, a biotechnology company in Mumbai.

Causes of bone or cartilage damage

They are then cultured to grow and multiply in a lab for 3-4 weeks into a surplus population of several million. The cultured cells are then re-implanted in the damaged area in a minimally invasive surgical procedure.

The process comes from eight years of work in cell and tissue therapy research. Chondron ACI is the countrys first cell therapy product.

These cells grow and repair tissue with properties similar to that of normal cartilage present in other joints, says Sanghavi. But replacement alone doesnt solve problems. Patients are expected to follow a rehabilitation program, to help the body adjust to new cells and them get back to day-to-day physical.

Its easy to see the advantages of a process like this. Experts say it may avoid the need for future prosthetic joints replacement (especially partial joint replacement) and allows patients the freedom to continue physical activities as before.

It also poses less risk of disease transmission or infection since it comes from the patients own tissue (no foreign material or metal goes inside the body). It may also halt further progression to osteoarthritis, a common problem with those in need of joint replacement.

The procedure costs Rs.3 to 3.5 lakhs.

In India, more than 500 patients have been treated with both bone and cartilage cell therapy procedures, says Sanghavi.

There is a success rate of more than 95%. During our clinical trials and research, we have treated working professionals, housewives, athletes, army men and mountaineers. Almost all of them have successfully recovered and got back to their active life.

However, this new technique has a flip side, too.

The price could be a bit steep for some because stem cell treatment is expensive; and the treatment gets prolonged as a patient has to wait for some time as cell culture takes time and one cannot bear weight on the affected area while the healing is on. Also, not all patients are suitable for it because it can correct only if damage isnt extensive, says Dr Ankit Goyal, associate professor, Safdarjung Sports Injury Centre (SIC) in Delhi.

Safdarjung Hospital had also treated about 35 patients, who had damaged their cartilage, with the technique a few years ago.

We would send cartilage for culture but only in cases where damage was limited. This is definitely not a substitute for knee or hip replacement procedure where the entire joint is extensively damaged. However, it may prevent the need for replacement later on in life, especially in young patients, he says.

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Damaged bone or cartilage? Now, grow your own cells in a lab - Hindustan Times

Bone Marrow Stem Cells Comments Off on Damaged bone or cartilage? Now, grow your own cells in a lab – Hindustan Times | July 1st, 2017

The research studies carried out by John B. Gurdon (Anglo-Saxon) and Shinya Yamanaka (Japanese) were awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine. These two scientists are considered of being the fathers of cellular reprogramming. They have achieved to create cells that behave identically to embryonic cells, however, without having to destroy human embryos. The Swiss Academy declared that both Gurdon and Yamanaka have revolutionized the current knowledge of how cells and organisms are developed, which has led to the perfection of the absurd methods of diagnosis and therapy.

Jhon Bertrand Gurdon, professor of the Zoology Department of the University of Cambridge, admitted of feeling extremely honored for such a spectacular privilege.

Moreover, Shinya Yamanaka discovered the so called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS), which have the same proprieties of the embryonic ones and are able to turn into whatever other type of body cell. He asserted that he will continue to conduct research in order to contribute to society and medicine. For him that is a duty.

Yamanaka created four types of genes that supply cells with their pluripotentiality, in other words, the same capacity that embryonic stem cells have. If implanted in differentiated cells, for example of skin, they become pluripotent stem cells. The iPS supply a vast amount of plasticity just as embryonic stem cells do, however, without requiring the extermination or cloning of human embryos, since the initial cells can be obtained from the same patient. In this aspect, these cells have the same status as adult stem cells do, with the advantage of their versatility.

The dilema that has been stirred by the iPS is being resolved due to recent studies carried out by Leisuke Kaji (Universidad de Edimburgo) and Andreas Nagy (Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital of Toronto).

The created iPS perennially retain their pluripotentiality. There is still the need of research to be conducted concerning the control of the difference between these cells in order for them to create the tissue that is necessary for each case. As Kaji affirms in The Guardian, it is a step towards the practical use of reprogrammed cells in the field of medicine, which could eventually lead to eliminating the need of counting on human embryos as the main source of stem cells.

The Episcopal Subcommittee for the Family and Defense of Life of the Episcopal Conference, beliefs that no Catholic could support practices such as abortion, euthanasia or the production, freezing and/or manipulation of human embryos.

Clement Ferrer

Independent Forum of Opinion

http://indeforum.wordpress.com/

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Hurray for Gurdon and Yamanaka, Nobel Prize Winners for Pro-life Medicine - Gilmer Mirror

IPS Cell Therapy Comments Off on Hurray for Gurdon and Yamanaka, Nobel Prize Winners for Pro-life Medicine – Gilmer Mirror | June 30th, 2017