Dr. Joshua Schiffer (third from left) and E. Fabian Cardozo-Ojeda (far right) led research published on Tuesday that provides mathematical models on strategies for optimizing treatment for HIV. (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Photo)

In the nearly four decades since HIV was discovered, only two people have been cured of the virus that has killed millions.

Researchers in Seattle are hoping to boost that number. On Tuesday, scientists from the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and the University of Washington published a study that provides clues to optimizing treatments that could wipe out HIV in infected patients.

Worldwide, some 26 million people are receiving antiviral therapy to keep the virus in check, but the drugs dont completely stamp out HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. The virus becomes latent, hiding out in cells until the drugs are gone. It gets activated again and starts reproducing.

One key component to HIVs reanimation is the presence of a molecule called CCR5 thats found on the outside of a certain class of immune system cells. The CCR5 helps the virus enter and infect new cells.

The two men seemingly cured of HIV, known as the Berlin Patient and the London Patient, also had cancer, one with acute myeloid leukemia and the other Hodgkin Lymphoma. As part of their cancer treatments, the patients received transplants of healthy stem cells, which produce immune system cells. They received the transplants from donors who lacked the gene that produces functional CCR5 molecules.

It appears that by suppressing the virus and then cutting off its pathway to resurgence, the virus can be defeated.

Since the 1960s, the Fred Hutch has been a pioneer in bone marrow transplants in cancer treatment, and researchers there are applying similar strategies for treating HIV.

Fred Hutch and UW scientists in recent years have performed experiments using pig-tailed macaques that are infected with a simian version of HIV. In one study of 22 monkeys, the infected macaques received transplants of their own stem cells, after they were treated to knock out the CCR5 gene. Researchers were interested in using the monkeys own altered cells because their immune systems would accept them and not perceive them as foreign invaders to be fought off.

One of the challenges of this approach to fighting HIV is figuring out how many of the altered stem cells are needed its difficult to produce a massive supply in order to overwhelm the cells that still produce CCR5. Add to that the rate of stem cell replication and figuring out the timing of administering and stopping antiviral drugs.

Thats where the new research comes in.

E. Fabian Cardozo-Ojeda, a senior staff scientist at the Fred Hutchs Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, took all of the data available from the 22 monkeys to figure out how to perfect the treatment. He and his team developed a multi-stage mathematical model to calculate the effects of different amounts of residual and transplanted stem cells, the HIV viral load and the timing of when antiviral drugs are halted.

Were trying to do interdisciplinary work to get that optimal approach for a cure, Cardozo-Ojeda said.

In order to control HIV through this strategy, the researchers came to two conclusions with their formula. First, a patient needs a dose of at least five times as many transplanted stem cells compared to residual cells, and second, before a patient stops taking antiviral drugs, the cells lacking CCR5 need to total between 76-to-94% of the total transplanted stem cell population in their blood.

While the study was based on macaque data, were generating possible hypotheses of what could happen with people, Cardozo-Ojeda said. When it comes to applying their formula to higher primates, we believe that could be translated to humans for sure.

The peer-reviewed study was published by eLife, a non-profit platform. Cardozo-Ojeda is first author of the study and the other authors are Elizabeth Duke, Christopher Peterson, Daniel Reeves, Bryan Mayer, Hans-Peter Kiem and Joshua Schiffer.

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Seattle researchers find clues for treatments that could eliminate HIV in infected patients - GeekWire

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Seattle researchers find clues for treatments that could eliminate HIV in infected patients – GeekWire | January 14th, 2021

By Deborah Borfitz

January 13, 2021 | As aging researchers are aware, birthday candles are not a good guide to either human health or longevity. But there is an abundance of clues in the genome and, as suggested by studies in animals, some of age-related damage is reversible by removing or reprogramming problematic cells or blocking the activity of key proteins.

As it turns out, DNA methylationa frequently-used biomarker of biological ageis not just marking time like a clock on the wall but actually controlling time within cells, according to David Sinclair, an expert on aging at Harvard Medical School and cofounder of 4-year-old Life Biosciences. The revelation emerged from a study recently published in Nature (DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2975-4) where Harvard researchers showed, for the first time, that the pattern of DNA methylation in the genome can be safely reset to a younger age.

It was in fact a prerequisite to restoring youthful function and vision in old mice, says Sinclair, who has spent most of his adult life studying the epigenetic changes associated with aging. Up until a few years ago, he thought the process was unidirectional and that cells ultimately lost their identity and malfunctioned or became cancerous.

It seemed crazy to try to get proteins to return to the place they were in young cells, Sinclair says. Proteins move around in response to age-associated DNA damage and end up in the wrong places on the genome, causing the wrong genes to be turned on, but scientists did not know if proteins could go back, where the instructions were stored, or if they were being stored at all.

As covered in his 2019 bestseller Lifespan, Sinclair now believes that aging is the result of the so-called epigenetic changes scrambling how the body reads genetic code. Were essentially looking for the polish to get the cell to read the genome correctly again, he says, a process he likens to recovering music on a scratched CD.

Yamanaka Factors

Sinclair and his research associates have been focusing on the eye, in part because retinal tissues start aging soon after birth, he explains. While a damaged optic nerve can heal in a newborn, the injury is irreversible in a 1-year-old.

Yuancheng Lu, a former student of Sinclairs, was also interested in the eye because his family has a vision-correction business and recognized sight loss as a huge unmet need, he continues. We thought if we could take the age of those retinal cells back far enough, but not so far that they lose their identity, we might be able to see regrowth of the optic nerve if it was damaged.

Among the foundational work was a 2016 study in Cell (DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.052) by Life Biosciences cofounder Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte (Salk Institute for Biological Studies) who partially erased cellular markers of aging in mice that aged prematurely, as well as in human cells, by turning on Yamanaka factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) highly expressed in embryonic stem cells. Short-term induction of OSKM ameliorated hallmarks of aging and modestly extended lifespan in the short-lived mice.

The lifespan gain was widely dismissed as an artifact of shocking a mouse, says Sinclair, since the mice died if the treatment continued for more than two days. Although the human health implications appeared unlikely, his Harvard team decided to try the approach using an adeno-associated virus as a vehicle to deliver the youth-restoring OSKM genes into the retinas of aging mice.

The technology kept killing the mice or causing them to get cancer until Lu decided to drop the c-Myc genean oncogenein his experiments using human skin cells. He looked at [damaged] cells that had been expressing OSK for three weeks and the nerves were growing back toward the brain to an unprecedented degree. Moreover, the cells got older by the damage and younger by the treatment.

As the broader team went on to show in the Nature paper, the trio of Yamanaka factors effectively made cells younger without causing them to lose their identity (i.e., turning back into induced pluripotent stem cells) or fueling tumor growth even after a year of continuous treatment of the entire body of a mouse. If anything, the mice had fewer tumors over the course of the study, says Sinclair.

Although the mice needed to be autopsied to definitively measure tumor burden, Sinclair says the study will be repeated to learn if the epigenetic reprogramming technique can increase lifespan.

Findings have implications beyond the treatment of age-related diseases specific to the eye, says Sinclair. Aging researchers have published studies showing other types of tissues, including muscle and kidney cells, can also be rejuvenated.

Clocked Results

In the latest study using mice, epigenetic reprogramming was found to have three beneficial effects on the eye: promotion of optic nerve regeneration, reversal of vision loss with a condition mimicking human glaucoma, and reversal of vision loss in aging animals without glaucoma. The latter finding, from Sinclairs vantage point, is the most important one. This is ultimately a story about finding a repository of youthful information in old cells that can reverse aging.

Results of all three experiments are noteworthy and have commonly thought to be three separate processes, says Sinclair. That is only because the fields of aging and acute and chronic disease are distinct disciplines that rarely talk to each other.

The Harvard team is pioneering a new way to tackle diseases of aging by addressing the underlying cause. This is the first time, as far as Sinclair is aware, where nerve damage was studied in old rather than young animals. In the case of glaucoma and most diseases, aging is considered largely irrelevant, when of course we know glaucoma is a disease of aging.

A variety of aging clocks, including some the research team built themselves, have been deployed for studies because they are considered the most accurate predictor of biological age and future health, says Sinclair. As embryos, cells lay down different patterns of methylation to ensure they remember their purpose over the next 80 to 100 years.

For unknown reasons, methyl groups get predictably added and subtracted from DNA bases across cell and tissue types and even species, Sinclair says. In 2013, UCLAs Steve Horvath (another Life Biosciences cofounder) showed that machine learning could be used to pick out the hot spots and predict individual lifespan depending on how far above or below the DNA methylation line they sit (Genome Biology, DOI: 10.1186/gb-2013-14-10-r115).

A multitude of aging clocks have since been developed. Eventually, we will need some standardization in the field, but there is nothing super-mysterious about aging clocks, says Sinclair. One of my grad students could probably get you one by the end of the day.

Booming Field

Aging research is a rapidly accelerating field and epigenetic reprogramming is poised to become a particularly active area of inquiry. In terms of numbers, there are still only a dozen or so labs intensely working on this, but there are probably a hundred others I am aware of who are getting into it, says Sinclair.

Life Biosciences began with four labs, but new ones are now joining on an almost weekly basis, he adds. Collaborators have expanded work to the ear and other areas of the body beyond the eye, he adds.

Were also reducing the cost of the DNA clock test by orders of magnitude so [biological age prediction] can be done on millions of people, he continues. In the future, aging clocks are expected to be a routine test in physicians arsenal to guide patient care as well as to monitor response to cancer treatment.

Harvard University has already licensed two patents related to the technology used by the aging researchers to Life Biosciences, Sinclair says. The company has built a scientific team with a group of world-class advisors who developed gene therapy for the eye, which will be tested first for the treatment of glaucoma.

The role of chaperone-mediated autophagy in aging and age-related diseases is another promising area of research being pursued by Life Biosciences Ana Maria Cuervo, M.D, Ph.D., professor, and co-director of the Institute of Aging Studies at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Cuervo recently reported at a meeting that fasting-induced autophagy, the cells natural mechanism for removes unnecessary or dysfunctional components, can greatly extend the lifespan of mice. She believes the triggering of this process might one day help treat diseases such as macular degeneration and Alzheimers.

The specialty of Manuel Serrano, Ph.D., the fourth company cofounder, is cellular senescence and reprogramming and how they relate to degenerative diseases of the lung, kidney, and heart. He isan internationally recognized scientist who has made significant contributions to cancer and aging research and works in the Institute for Research Biomedicine in Barcelona.

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Reversing The Aging Clock With Epigenetic Reprogramming - Bio-IT World

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Reversing The Aging Clock With Epigenetic Reprogramming – Bio-IT World | January 14th, 2021

Bath and body rituals add to the feeling of overall wellness from day to night.

Long baths and showers are immensely underrated. The same goes for the body rituals that follow. Its strange to think that we would be willing to spend $300 for face creams yet scrimp on nourishing oils for the body. Truth is, bath and body rituals ought to be the norm instead of being an occasional indulgence. There are countless benefits that go with an invigorating shower in the morning, energizing body oils before heading out for the day, and a relaxing bath by nighttime. Apart from hygiene, the rituals that nurture and nourish our bodies are essential for overall sense of wellness. It can awaken the senses, create a feeling of balance, ease nerves and tension.

Firm, Toned and Cellulite-Free

Plant Collagen Body Mist for firmer and younger looking skin from ADONIA ORGANICS

Our bodies change in countless ways as we age. While exercise is a great way to keep our bodies in shape, skin tends to be less supple and firm as time progresses. ADONIA ORGANICS Plant Collage Body Mist is a plant based body spritz that helps to boost natural collagen all over the body. It is a potion that I love to use as a compliment to daily workouts. Formulation helps to boost the bodys ability to produce collagen, which is responsible for keeping skin smooth and firm. The non-greasy, easily absorbed spray creates a youthful skin tone and texture.

Reduce appearance of cellulite with ADONIA ORGANICS Legtone Serum

You may also want to complement your Collagen Body Mist with ADONIA ORGANICS Legtone Serum. Utilizing organic plant stem cells that reduce the appearance of cellulite, this toning serum renders visible results by 47% within nine minutes from first application. Rosemary Verbenone boosts cell renewal while Neroli helps bring back skin elasticity. It also helps improve the appearance of stretch marks and scarring. The Legtone Serum is also great to use for arms and other parts of the body where there is cellulite.

The Miracle Marula Oil Shower

Moo and Yoo Miracle Body Lotion is infused with skin hero ingredient, Marula Oil.

Many of us are in the habit of choosing a body wash and lotion based solely on scent. Oftentimes, we forget to look into ingredients or the sustainability practices that go into our bath and body products. MOO AND YOOs MIRACLE LOTION and BODY WASH leaves skin feeling squeaky clean and fresh without use of harmful fragrances. The company uses recyclable glass containers, which makes for a chic addition to the bath and body vanity shelf. Since getting into more mindful and sustainable beauty, plastics containers have become eye sores in the boudoir.

The Miracle Body Was from MOO AND YOO is packed with anti oxidants and ingredients with anti ... [+] inflammatory properties.

The Miracle Body Wash is blended with Marual Oil and Icelandic Moss, which act as an antioxidant. A soft powdery scent enhances that clean and fresh feeling after cleansing with the Miracle Body Wash. Following purification, the Miracle Body Lotion will help to revitalize skin, leaving a soft and nourished feel all day long. This duo is great to use for daily showers that set the tone for an amazing day.

Young, Fabulous and Polished at the Farmhouse

Just like facial skin, our bodies also need the regular exfoliation to scrub off dead skin cells. This allows for the skin to better absorb nutrients from hydrating creams, lotions or oils. During the winter, a scrub or body polish is recommended for addressing dry, flaky skin. FARMHOUSE FRESH Muscadine Moonshine Liquor Infused Body Polish is an intoxicatingly invigorating skin treat that helps to stimulate skin renewal. Formulated with Georgia muscadine grapes, sea salt and a small batch of Moonshine (distilled in Austin, Texas), this delicious body cocktail will leave skin feeling like silk. Its delicious scent will also leave you wanting morejust as you would your favorite happy hour cocktail.

Farmhouse Fresh's Muscadine Moonshine Liquor Infused Body Polish is an intoxicatingly delicious skin ... [+] treat that help to stimulate skin renewal

Moondip Back To Youth Ageless Mousse by FARMHOUSE FRESH is an ultra light body whip infused with ... [+] peptides and retinol to keep skin youthful.

After a body polish, pamper skin with the Moondip Back To Youth Ageless Body Mousse. This light-as-air anti-aging body whip is formulated with fresh notes of winter mint, apple, amber and greens. It glides like clouds against skin without the greasy or sticky feel. Infusion of age defying peptides and retinol visibly improve appearance of skin especially when applied over necklines, arms, legs and chest. Ageless Body Mousse is the jar to keep on your bedside for a pre slumber self care treat.

An Undisturbed Staycation

The Feelist Staycation Detoxifying Salt Soak is formulated with Broad Spectrum CBD, Himalayan, Epsom ... [+] and sea salts

CBD is a wonder ingredient for relaxation as well as alleviating pains and aches. It has also worked beautifully in soothing inflammation. THE FEELISTs best-selling Staycation Detoxifying Salt Soak is a treat that the body will particularly enjoy after an intense workout. This purifying soak is formulated with Broad Spectrum CBD, Himalayan, Epsom and sea salts to soothe and relax the senses. Light a candle, enjoy a glass (or two or three) or Pinot and soak in all the goodness on a Friday night.

The Feelist Do Not Disturb Extra Strength Body Cream will ease lull you into your deepest slumber ... [+] yet.

For a complete bath and body spa experience, top off your bath and body ritual with Do Not Disturb Extra Strength Body Cream. This restorative and relaxing cream is infused with an extra dose of Broad Spectrum CBD, essential oils and natural extracts that will ease lull you into your deepest slumber yet. This body cream is also idea for addressing inflammation and body cramps.

Magic at Midnight

Pink Moon's Midnight Melody Body and Hair Oil is hydrating, calming and multipurpose oil formulated ... [+] with essences of Night Blooming Tuberose, Petitgrain, and Ylang Ylang

Over the holidays, PINK MOON launched its very own calming body oil in small batches called Midnight Melody Body and Hair Oil. Since my very own bottle arrived, its been sitting on my bedside. This fresh, fragrance and clean formula of organic flower seed, apricot kernel and meadow foam is great for after a warm evening bath. Pat on slightly damp skin and allow to sink into skin. This will leave the surface feeling clean smooth and hydrated. You can also add a few drops into your bath for the most soothing bath after a long day of work from home. Essences of tuberose, ylang ylang, peppery wood and petit grain transport ease the senses into deep relaxation. What makes this the holy grail of oils is that you can also wear it as a hair oil or perfume. I love to massage this onto my scalp at night for hair that is soft, silky and revitalized.

Glow Like A Goddess

The newly launched Dry Body Oil from HIGH ON LOVE is infused with cannabis oil to give hair and skin ... [+] a goddesses glow without the greasy feel.

Self care rituals that leave you feeling and looking good are priceless. I particularly love pampering the body with oils and creams that help to amp confidence and sense of self. For years, oils that help create that glow from within radiance have been my go-to everything I set out to paint the town red. HIGH ON LOVEs Dry Body Oil is a gem that nourishes and illuminates skin. This non-greasy, cannabis seed oil formula softens and hydrates skin without the unwanted shine. For optimum results, apply all over the body. You may also use this for hair. Gently massage to allow the oils to soak. Tip: Use this body oil just before putting on that slip dress youve been waiting to wear for a special night out on town.

The Truth About Dry Brushing

The Perfect Skin Brush from ROSEBUD is made using sustainably sourced materials like sisal and ... [+] beechwood, resulting in the ideal skin lymphatic massager.

It was only very recently when my good friend and health guru Chechel Joson suggested I add dry brushing to my wellness routine. It exfoliates from dead skin and boosts lymphatic drainage, she explained. Skin is also visibly smoother and silkier after dry brushing. A few days following the conversation, ROSE BUDs Perfect Skin Brush arrived in the mail as on cue. Made using sustainably sourced sisal and beeechwood that paddle is firm enough to render maximum results even with light pressure. The key to dry brushing is to work towards the lymph nodes near the armpits and groin area. Start with a five-minute brushing routine and extend as the days progress. Follow your dry brushing routine with a warm (not hot0 shower) using a gentle body cleanser. Other benefits of brushing include: detoxification and better immune function. Tip: Try a quick dry brushing session just before a post-workout shower to feel completely energized in the mornings.

Soak, Disconnect and Breathe

PURSOMA's Just Breathe Ritual is a clearing sea salt concoction infused with clearing eucalyptus, ... [+] rosemary, lavender, and ginger.

Flu and allergy season has many of us looking for ways to ease and soothe discomforts from sneezing, sniffles and congestion. Peppermint and eucalyptus essential oils are great natural remedies now occupying prime real estate by the bedside. Ive also recently added a calming and clearing eucalyptus bath treatment with PURSOMAs Just Breathe Ritual to the current routine. This highly therapeutic French Grey Sea Salt concoction, infused natural essential oils gives sinuses relief and supports immune strength. After 20 minutes of undisturbed me-time immersed in this ritual, mind and body emerges energized and feeling brand new.

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Bath And Body Routines That Make You Look And Feel Good From Day To Night - Forbes

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Bath And Body Routines That Make You Look And Feel Good From Day To Night – Forbes | January 12th, 2021

DUBLIN--(BUSINESS WIRE)--The "Organ and Tissue Transplantation and Alternatives" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering.

This report offers forecasts, by product segment, from 2018 through 2024, including supporting analyses for projections. Product segments covered consist of the solid organ (e.g., kidneys, liver, heart-lung, pancreas, intestines) and the tissue transplantation (e.g., bone, skin, cornea, heart valve) markets, along with the pharmaceuticals that accompany each market.

Also included are experimental xenografts and artificial organs; tissue transplants; and cell transplants (e.g., bone marrow, cord blood, peripheral blood, islet cell). The report touches on the use of fetal cells, stem cells, and altered cancer cells.

The arrangement of this report offers an overview of the key elements in the transplantation process: tissue typing, procurement and preservation, immunosuppressants for solid organ and tissue transplants, and postoperative monitoring. International markets are discussed, and information is provided on industry structure and the regulatory environment.

Within each section are discussions of commercialization opportunities for each segment of the market. New or emerging devices, techniques, and pharmaceuticals are highlighted.

Profiles of leading companies involved with solid organ transplantation, tissue transplantation, and alternative technologies are included. The report provides information on company placement within the market and strategic analyses of the companies' available and emerging products.

An appendix featuring various terms and processes used in transplantation is provided at the end of the report.

This report cites autologous products only in relation to their impact on the market for allografts. It does not include blood products, except for peripheral and umbilical cord blood as a source of stem cells.

Companies Mentioned

Report Includes:

Key Topics Covered:

Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 Summary and Highlights

Chapter 3 Market and Technology Background

Chapter 4 Market Dynamics

Chapter 5 Market Breakdown by Product & Devices

Chapter 6 Market Breakdown by Region

Chapter 7 Impact of COVID-19

Chapter 8 Overview of Donation Process

Chapter 9 Regulations & Reimbursement

Chapter 10 Competitive Landscape

Chapter 11 Company Profiles

Chapter 12 Appendix: Acronyms

For more information about this report visit https://www.researchandmarkets.com/r/c4x7cw

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Worldwide Organ and Tissue Transplantation and Alternatives Industry to 2024 - Featuring Mylan, Novartis & Pfizer Among Others -...

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Worldwide Organ and Tissue Transplantation and Alternatives Industry to 2024 – Featuring Mylan, Novartis & Pfizer Among Others -… | January 12th, 2021

This report outlines the investigative study that was conducted by a team of world renowned scientists, doctors including Hyuck Hoon KWON, Steven Hoseong YANG, Joon LEE, Byung Chul PARK, Kui Young PARK, Jae Yoon JUNG, Youin BAE,and Gyeong-Hun at Oaro Dermatology Institute (Seoul, South Korea), Guam Dermatology Institute (Guam, USA), Department of Dermatology, Dankook University, College of Medicine (Cheonan, South Korea), Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine (Seoul, South Korea), and Department of Dermatology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine (Hwaseong, South Korea). Researchers involved in this study evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of adipose tissue stem cell-derived exosomes as an adjuvant therapy after application of fractional CO2laser for acne scars. 25 patients consisting of 18 men and 7 women, between ages 19 and 54, 12 with Fitzpatrick Skin Type 3 and 13 with Fitzpatrick skin type 4 and atrophic acne scars, underwent the 12-week prospective, double-blind, randomized, split-face trial. Each received three consecutive treatment sessions of fractional CO2laser to the whole face, with a follow-up evaluation, and a post- laser split face regimen, where one side of each patient's face was treated with an adipose tissue stem cell-derived exosome gel. Exosomes in this study were acquired from human ASC-CM by ExoSCRT technology developed by ExoCoBio Inc., and the other side of the face was treated with control gel. Findings revealed that the adipose tissue stem cell-derived exosome-treated sides of the face had achieved a significantly greater improvement than the control sides at the final follow-up visit (percentage reduction in echelle d'evaluation clinique des cicatrices d'acne scores: 32.5 vs 19.9%, p<0.01). Treatment-related erythema was milder, and post-treatment downtime was shorter on the applications of human adipose tissue stem cell-derived exosome-treated side.

The investigative study proved that a variety of applications of human adipose tissue stem cell-derived exosomes can serve as a novel cell-free therapeutic strategy in the regenerative and aesthetic medical fields and demonstrated the suitability of adipose tissue stem cell derived exosomes as an adjuvant treatment modality in combination with fractional carbon dioxide laser for the treatment of acne scars.

This reportis an open access article under the CC BY-NC license Society for Publication of Acta Dermato-Venereologica.

"The science is clearly demonstrating that exosomes are the wave of the future not just for aesthetics but for many other areas of medicine, and the richest source of this material, by far, is adipose tissue," says Dr. Randy Miller, M.D., F.A.C.S.

Facial atrophic acne scarring is a psychologically damaging condition that can cause emotional, mental, and social disability. "With a huge percentage of the world population struggling with this condition, the need for widening of therapeutic options was astoundingly clear," says Dr. Diane Duncan, M.D., F.A.C.S. who added, "While ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser resurfacing has demonstrated clinical efficacy in acne scar treatments, patients have sustained side-effects during post-procedural wound healing and had demanded improvement. The adjuvant application of adipose-derived stem cell conditioned medium with synergistic effects in augmenting treatment responses and reducing adverse effects through its potential to accelerate tissue rejuvenation is a victory for those suffering."

The sentiments have been echoed by so many other medical professionals, including, Dr. JD McCoy, NMP, whose patient roster includes professional athletes who do not have time for extended downtime and need to recover fast. "Since implementing the addition of Exosome Regenerative Complex powered by ExoSCRT into my protocol, I've observed a significant improvement in the speed of healing, skin quality and comfort during recovery," said Dr. Richard Jin, M.D., PhD. "Patients suffering from acne scarring range in all ages, and the pain that they feel is very real. Ensuring that my patients receive the best treatment results with the least amount of downtime and discomfort is non-negotiable, and that's why I choose to integrate Exosome Regenerative Complex powered by ExoSCRT, into all of my treatments."

Exosomes are lipid bilayer-enclosed extracellular vesicles, 30200 nm in diameter, produced by almost all cells and present in all body fluids (810). They are regarded as an essential mediator of intercellular communication by transferring proteins and genetic material between cells. Several studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes carry the essential properties of mesenchymal stem cells suggesting that exosomes may be a compelling alternative in regenerative and aesthetic medicine, as they would avoid most of the problems associated with live mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that human adipose tissue stem cell-derived exosomes possess the critical properties of stem cells and are as potent as mesenchymal stem cells in the repair of various organ injuries.

BENEV's Exosome Regenerative Complex powered by ExoSCRT was developed and designed in tandem with the 4th largest exosome research company in the world, ExoCoBio. The intensive dual action complex is quickly absorbed into the skin, delivering the concentrated power of over 2.5 billion lyophilized exosomes, potent growth factors, peptides, co-enzymes, minerals, amino acids and vitamins. The paraben-free, steroid-free, and hypoallergenic patented technologies and ingredients are clinically proven to rejuvenate and regenerate the skin. "Lyophilizing exosomes maximize topical therapeutic potential. Making them ideal for treatments," says Dr. Richard Goldfarb, M.D., F.A.C.S.

ExoCoBio's ExoSCRT, is an innovative patented purification method of separating and refining 0.1 pure exosomes from stem cell conditioned media. The concentration of materials is significantly greater than what can be achieved with a product such as PRP. Studies have shown that this product increases fibroblast production by 180% and collagen production by 300%.

BENEV Company Inc. Medical Advisory Board Members:

Richard Jin, MD, PhD, BENEV's Chief Medical Director, studied at the Boston University School of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and the University of California Irvine. He completed research in the areas of cardiovascular disease, pulmonary hypertension, antioxidant enzyme properties, cell signaling, cellular redox mechanisms, free radical-induced oxidant stress, platelet biology, growth factors, and wound healing. For more information visitwww.rjclinicalinstitute.com

Richard M. Goldfarb, M.D, F.A.C.S., graduated from the University of Health Sciences /Finch University, The Chicago Medical School with top honors in Surgery. He completed his surgical training atNortheastern Ohio College of Medicine. He did additional training in cosmetic surgery at theUniversity of Pennsylvania, Department of Plastic Surgery andYale University. Dr. Goldfarb's 30 years of combined experience in General, Vascular, and Cosmetic Surgery provides his patients with the surgical expertise they are seeking. Dr. Goldfarb established the Center for SmartLipo & Plastic Surgery in 2007. For more information visitwww.centerforsmartlipo.com

Diane I. Duncan, M.D., F.A.C.S., obtained her medical degree from the Tulane University School of Medicine. She is certified by the American Board of Plastic Surgery and is a member of several plastic surgery professional societies, including the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS), the American Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons (ASAPS) and the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons (ISAPS). In addition to these affiliations, Dr. Duncan is a fellow of the American College of Surgeons (ACS). Dr. Duncan joined our Medical Advisory Board with over 30 years of experience in private practice as a plastic surgeon. She is an internationally recognized speaker and educator in plastic surgery and has delivered presentations at industry conferences around the world. She has also authored medical journal articles on a variety of subjects in plastic surgery and currently serves as a member of the editorial review board for theAesthetic Surgery Journal. For more information visit http://www.drdianeduncan.com

Randy B. Miller, M.D., is a board certified cosmetic and reconstructive plastic surgeon practicing in Miami, Florida. Dr. Miller earned his Bachelor of Arts in psychology and a Master's degree in clinical immunology and completed medical school at Jefferson Medical College where he graduated at the top of his class. He completed his training in general surgery and otolaryngology - head and neck surgery at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in Philadelphia. Dr. Miller performed his plastic surgery training at Baylor College of Medicine located within the Texas Medical Center in Houston, which is the largest medical center in the world. Dr. Miller is a former president of the Miami Society of Plastic Surgeons, the Florida Society of Plastic Surgeons, and the Plastic Surgeons Patient Safety Foundation. Having served five consecutive terms on the Board of Directors of the Dade County Medical Association and as a delegate to the Florida Medical Association, Dr. Miller is a member of, and has received presidential appointments from, the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. In addition to his role as a clinical professor in the Division of Plastic Surgery at the University of Miami, Dr. Miller serves as a plastic surgery resident mentor. For many years he has served as the liaison between the University of Miami, Division of Plastic Surgery, and the Miami Society of Plastic Surgeons. Based on his research, publications and 25 years of clinical experience, Dr. Miller has become an internationally recognized expert in the fields of stem cell research and therapy, including human and veterinary tissue regeneration. Dr. Miller provides a uniquely comprehensive approach to aesthetics and age management. For more information visit http://www.millerplasticsurgery.com

Dr. J.D. McCoy, NMP, received his doctorate in Naturopathic Medicine at the Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine. He is one of the most accomplished naturopathic physicians practicing aesthetic medicine in the country. He completed an internship in internal medicine in Hawaii, and began specialized training, certification, and externship in cosmetic medicine and light-based therapies. Dr. McCoy has devoted his specialization, passion and his entire practice to the art of less-invasive cosmetic rejuvenation, weight-management, and natural bio-identical hormone therapy since 2003. Dr. McCoy's principles in the practice of aesthetic medicine include prevention, the use of natural substances (light/energy, nutrients and other natural substances), and the use of the least invasive treatments possible. Dr. McCoy finds innovative solutions that reduce or eliminate the need for more invasive surgery- beautiful results naturally. He is recognized as an innovator and physician trainer for multiple technologies and techniques in cosmetic medicine including but most certainly not limited to a Physician Member: American Academy of Cosmetic Surgery, American Academy of Aesthetic Medicine, American Society of Aesthetic Mesotherapy, International Federation for Adipose Therapeutics and Science. For more information visitwww.contourmedical.com

BENEV Company Inc.1-949-457-2222 http://www.BENEV.com

SOURCE BENEV

http://benev.com/

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BENEV Announces Investigative Report on Combination Treatment with Human Adipose Tissue Stem Cell- derived Exosomes and Fractional CO2 Laser for Acne...

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on BENEV Announces Investigative Report on Combination Treatment with Human Adipose Tissue Stem Cell- derived Exosomes and Fractional CO2 Laser for Acne… | January 9th, 2021

The quest for CAR-T 2.0 is gaining an mRNA player, as Cambridge, Massachusetts-based Factor Bioscience sends a spinoff racing toward the clinic.

Factor drew the curtains on Exacis Biotherapeutics on Wednesday morning, with Sollis Therapeutics co-founder Gregory Fiore at the helm of a small immuno-oncology focused team built around Factors technology. The spinoff has the rights to 51 patents and just a bit of seed money from friends and family to get it going but Fiore says an IND submission is on the horizon.

We are 18 to 24 months from an IND submission, and weve identified our first target, which will be CD19, Fiore told Endpoints News.

The company will be unveiling a CD19-targeted CAR-T and CAR-NK, Fiore said, with ROR1 as its next target.

The CEO says Exacis approach is what differentiates it from others in the crowded cell therapy field, beginning with mRNA technology in-licensed from Factor. The process starts with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), which are blood or skin cells that have been engineered back into an embryonic-like stem cell state. Theyre created with mRNA reprogramming, and then edited to avoid host immune surveillance, add a CAR and enhance the cells for potency against tumors.

That iPSC is quite a robust cell. It can handle a lot of editing and the cells are able to recover from a lot of editing and manipulation, Fiore said. And the fact that no viruses or DNA are used significantly decreases the resource requirement for manufacturing, he added later.

The idea of an off-the-shelf CAR-T or CAR-NK therapy as opposed to harvesting a patients cells, engineering them into a cancer attack vehicle and reinjecting them isnt a new one. Allogene released a positive snapshot of their off-the-shelf CAR-T program at ASCO 2020, and CRISPR Therapeutics offered a glimpse at their own CAR-T success in October although it was clouded by the death of a patient given a high dose of the treatment.

Exacis team of four including co-founder James Pan and former MaxiVAX CEO Dimitrios Goundis as CBO is shooting for a Series A in the coming months to bolster its team and pipeline. The company also says its in talks with several potential development partners.

We are working towards a Series A funding to be completed in Q1 of 2021, and well use those funds to build out our internal team and lab, as well as further the development along the lines of differentiation into T and NK, obtaining CARs, really putting together these target cell types, Fiore said.

While Fiore stayed mum about the the specific terms of Exacis licensing deal with Factor, he said that Factor has a majority ownership in exchange for the execution of the license.

The CEO, who was inspired to get into the field by his fathers battle with cancer, said Factor and Exacis incentives were aligned. Theres plenty of opportunity to improve the patient experience as well as outcomes, he said.

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Factor Bioscience spins out a new cell therapy player with eyes on the clinic within 2 years - Endpoints News

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Factor Bioscience spins out a new cell therapy player with eyes on the clinic within 2 years – Endpoints News | January 9th, 2021

Spinogenix has been awarded a research grant from the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) to further test its lead compound as a potential treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the company announced.

We are pleased that the DoD has recognized the potential of our novel drug candidate to change the course of disease progression in ALS, Stella Sarraf, PhD, founding CEO at Spinogenix, said in a press release. The grants amount and its duration were not disclosed in the release.

ALS is characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons, or the nerve cells involved in the control of voluntary movement. Although some ALS treatments can slow nerve cell degeneration, they are not disease modifying and provide only a modest survival benefit. Spinogenix also noted in its release that not all patients tolerate these treatments well.

Spinogenixslead therapy candidate is a small, orally bioavailable, molecule designed to induce an increase in synapses the point of contact between two nerve cells that allows them to communicate. Its goal is to restore these neuronal connections and reverse patients decline in cognition and motor function, two faculties often affected in neurodegenerative diseases.

Spinogenix reports that the compounds mechanism is well understood, and believed to work across all the diseases where synapse loss occurs, regardless of the underlying disease mechanism.

With this grant from the DODs Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs, Spinogenix aims to study the potential therapy using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from both ALS patients and healthy controls.

iPSCs are stem cells generated from mature cells derived from the skin or blood that can give rise to different cell types, including nerve cells, depending on the particular chemical cues they are given. When these cells are derived directly from patients, they generate cellular models that mimic the diseases genetic and clinical diversity.

Additional experiments will also be conducted in ALS animal models.

Under the grant, Spinogenix will collaborate with researchers Rita Sattler, PhD, at the Barrow Neurological Institute, and Justin Ichida, PhD, at the Keck School of Medicine of the University of South Carolina.

Spinogenixs novel approach has the potential to demonstrate that replacing lost synapses may result in drugs that can provide a meaningful benefit for patients with ALS, said Merit Cudkowicz, MD, director of the Sean M. Healey and AMG Center for ALS at Mass General Hospital.

Diana holds a PhD in Biomedical Sciences, with specialization in genetics, from Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal. Her work has been focused on enzyme function, human genetics and drug metabolism.

Total Posts: 45

Ins holds a PhD in Biomedical Sciences from the University of Lisbon, Portugal, where she specialized in blood vessel biology, blood stem cells, and cancer. Before that, she studied Cell and Molecular Biology at Universidade Nova de Lisboa and worked as a research fellow at Faculdade de Cincias e Tecnologias and Instituto Gulbenkian de Cincia. Ins currently works as a Managing Science Editor, striving to deliver the latest scientific advances to patient communities in a clear and accurate manner.

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Spinogenix Wins Grant to Advance Testing of Potential Oral Therapy - ALS News Today

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Spinogenix Wins Grant to Advance Testing of Potential Oral Therapy – ALS News Today | January 9th, 2021

DBMR has added a new report titled Exosome Therapeutic Market with analysis provides the insights which bring marketplace clearly into the focus and thus help organizations make better decisions. This Exosome Therapeutic Market research report understands the current and future of the market in both developed and emerging markets. The report assists in realigning the business strategies by highlighting the business priorities. It throws light on the segment expected to dominate the industry and market. It forecast the regions expected to witness the fastest growth. This report is a collection of pragmatic information, quantitative and qualitative estimation by industry experts, the contribution from industry across the value chain. Furthermore, the report also provides the qualitative results of diverse market factors on its geographies and Segments.

Exosome therapeutic market is expected to gain market growth in the forecast period of 2019 to 2026. Data Bridge Market Research analyses that the market is growing with a CAGR of 21.9% in the forecast period of 2019 to 2026 and expected to reach USD 31,691.52 million by 2026 from USD 6,500.00 million in 2018. Increasing prevalence of lyme disease, chronic inflammation, autoimmune disease and other chronic degenerative diseases are the factors for the market growth.

Get Sample Report + All Related Graphs & Charts (with COVID 19 Analysis) @https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/request-a-sample/?dbmr=global-exosome-therapeutic-market&pm

Exosomes are used to transfer RNA, DNA, and proteins to other cells in the body by making alteration in the function of the target cells. Increasing research activities in exosome therapeutic is augmenting the market growth as demand for exosome therapeutic has increased among healthcare professionals.

Increased number of exosome therapeutics as compared to the past few years will accelerate the market growth. Companies are receiving funding for exosome therapeutic research and clinical trials. For instance, In September 2018, EXOCOBIO has raised USD 27 million in its series B funding. The company has raised USD 46 million as series a funding in April 2017. The series B funding will help the company to set up GMP-compliant exosome industrial facilities to enhance production of exosomes to commercialize in cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry.

Increasing demand for anti-aging therapies will also drive the market. Unmet medical needs such as very few therapeutic are approved by the regulatory authority for the treatment in comparison to the demand in global exosome therapeutics market will hamper the market growth market. Availability of various exosome isolation and purification techniques is further creates new opportunities for exosome therapeutics as they will help company in isolation and purification of exosomes from dendritic cells, mesenchymal stem cells, blood, milk, body fluids, saliva, and urine and from others sources. Such policies support exosome therapeutic market growth in the forecast period to 2019-2026.

This exosome therapeutic market report provides details of market share, new developments, and product pipeline analysis, impact of domestic and localised market players, analyses opportunities in terms of emerging revenue pockets, changes in market regulations, product approvals, strategic decisions, product launches, geographic expansions, and technological innovations in the market. To understand the analysis and the market scenario contact us for anAnalyst Brief, our team will help you create a revenue impact solution to achieve your desired goal.

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Competitive Landscape and Exosome Therapeutic Market Share Analysis

Global exosome therapeutic market competitive landscape provides details by competitor. Details included are company overview, company financials, revenue generated, market potential, investment in research and development, new market initiatives, global presence, production sites and facilities, company strengths and weaknesses, product launch, product trials pipelines, concept cars, product approvals, patents, product width and breadth, application dominance, technology lifeline curve. The above data points provided are only related to the companys focus related to global exosome therapeutic market.

The major players covered in the report are evox THERAPEUTICS, EXOCOBIO, Exopharm, AEGLE Therapeutics, United Therapeutics Corporation, Codiak BioSciences, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, ReNeuron Group plc, Capricor Therapeutics, Avalon Globocare Corp., CREATIVE MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY HOLDINGS INC., Stem Cells Group among other players domestic and global. Exosome therapeutic market share data is available for Global, North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Latin America separately. DBMR analysts understand competitive strengths and provide competitive analysis for each competitor separately.

Many joint ventures and developments are also initiated by the companies worldwide which are also accelerating the global exosome therapeutic market.

For instance,

Partnership, joint ventures and other strategies enhances the company market share with increased coverage and presence. It also provides the benefit for organisation to improve their offering for exosome therapeutics through expanded model range.

Global Exosome Therapeutic Market Scope and Market Size

Global exosome therapeutic market is segmented of the basis of type, source, therapy, transporting capacity, application, route of administration and end user. The growth among segments helps you analyse niche pockets of growth and strategies to approach the market and determine your core application areas and the difference in your target markets.

Based on type, the market is segmented into natural exosomes and hybrid exosomes. Natural exosomes are dominating in the market because natural exosomes are used in various biological and pathological processes as well as natural exosomes has many advantages such as good biocompatibility and reduced clearance rate compare than hybrid exosomes.

Exosome is an extracellular vesicle which is released from cells, particularly from stem cells. Exosome functions as vehicle for particular proteins and genetic information and other cells. Exosome plays a vital role in the rejuvenation and communication of all the cells in our body while not themselves being cells at all. Research has projected that communication between cells is significant in maintenance of healthy cellular terrain. Chronic disease, age, genetic disorders and environmental factors can affect stem cells communication with other cells and can lead to distribution in the healing process. The growth of the global exosome therapeutic market reflects global and country-wide increase in prevalence of autoimmune disease, chronic inflammation, Lyme disease and chronic degenerative diseases, along with increasing demand for anti-aging therapies. Additionally major factors expected to contribute in growth of the global exosome therapeutic market in future are emerging therapeutic value of exosome, availability of various exosome isolation and purification techniques, technological advancements in exosome and rising healthcare infrastructure.

Rising demand of exosome therapeutic across the globe as exosome therapeutic is expected to be one of the most prominent therapies for autoimmune disease, chronic inflammation, Lyme disease and chronic degenerative diseases treatment, according to clinical researches exosomes help to processes regulation within the body during treatment of autoimmune disease, chronic inflammation, Lyme disease and chronic degenerative diseases. This factor has increased the research activities in exosome therapeutic development around the world for exosome therapeutic. Hence, this factor is leading the clinician and researches to shift towards exosome therapeutic. In the current scenario the exosome therapeutic are highly used in treatment of autoimmune disease, chronic inflammation, Lyme disease and chronic degenerative diseases and as anti-aging therapy as it Exosomes has proliferation of fibroblast cells which is significant in maintenance of skin elasticity and strength.

For More Insights Get FREE Detailed TOC @https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/toc/?dbmr=global-exosome-therapeutic-market&pm

Exosome therapeutic Market Country Level Analysis

The global exosome therapeutic market is analysed and market size information is provided by country by type, source, therapy, transporting capacity, application, route of administration and end user as referenced above.

The countries covered in the exosome therapeutic market report are U.S. and Mexico in North America, Turkey in Europe, South Korea, Australia, Hong Kong in the Asia-Pacific, Argentina, Colombia, Peru, Chile, Ecuador, Venezuela, Panama, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Paraguay, Costa Rica, Puerto Rico, Nicaragua, Uruguay as part of Latin America.

Country Level Analysis, By Type

North America dominates the exosome therapeutic market as the U.S. is leader in exosome therapeutic manufacturing as well as research activities required for exosome therapeutics. At present time Stem Cells Group holding shares around 60.00%. In addition global exosomes therapeutics manufacturers like EXOCOBIO, evox THERAPEUTICS and others are intensifying their efforts in China. The Europe region is expected to grow with the highest growth rate in the forecast period of 2019 to 2026 because of increasing research activities in exosome therapeutic by population.

The country section of the report also provides individual market impacting factors and changes in regulation in the market domestically that impacts the current and future trends of the market. Data points such as new sales, replacement sales, country demographics, regulatory acts and import-export tariffs are some of the major pointers used to forecast the market scenario for individual countries. Also, presence and availability of global brands and their challenges faced due to large or scarce competition from local and domestic brands, impact of sales channels are considered while providing forecast analysis of the country data.

Huge Investment by Automakers for Exosome Therapeutics and New Technology Penetration

Global exosome therapeutic market also provides you with detailed market analysis for every country growth in pharma industry with exosome therapeutic sales, impact of technological development in exosome therapeutic and changes in regulatory scenarios with their support for the exosome therapeutic market. The data is available for historic period 2010 to 2017.

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Exosome Therapeutic Market Overview By Size, Share, Trends, Growth Factors and Leading Players With Detailed Analysis of Industry Structure - KSU |...

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Exosome Therapeutic Market Overview By Size, Share, Trends, Growth Factors and Leading Players With Detailed Analysis of Industry Structure – KSU |… | January 9th, 2021

I'm not the biggest fan of New Year's resolutions, but I like to think that as we enter the top of January there is no better time to try something new. If you haven't thought about what that something might be maybe I can inspire you. I look at every year as an opportunity to test out new products, specifically skin care because I'm always looking for ways to maintain a clear complexion.

While this task can seem like an easy one, it can also be pricey. Lucky for us, Ulta Beauty is starting 2021 with a sale that's all about treating our skin meet the Love Your Skin Event.

The epic skin-care sale has started and runs through January 23. The best part is that Ulta Beauty is sharing all the deals for each day early and, folks, this sale is so good. Products from brands like Zitsticka, Clinique, Philosophy, and more will be up to 50 percent off on certain days of the month. To make it easy for you, we organized every deal by day. Here's what's on sale this week, plus a peek at the rest of the month. Happy shopping!

ZitSticka's Killa Kit is a one-way ticket to clear skin. The bundle includes four Killa Spot Clarifying Microdart Patches, which have niacinamide to fade darkness and salicylic acid to diminish the zit, and four Cleana Cleansing Swabs that are soaked salicylic acid that can be dabbed on a pimple to help shrink it.

For brighter skin, check out the Clinique Endless Glow Moisture Surge Set. It holds the entire collection that includes a Moisture Surge 72-Hour Auto-Replenishing Hydrator, a Moisture Surge Hydrating Supercharged Concentrate, a Moisture Surge Eye 96-Hour Hydro-Filler Concentrate, and a Moisture Surge Hydrating Lotion. All of which have hyaluronic acid to ensure your skin is never dry.

Loaded with hyaluronic acid and ceramides, the It Cosmetics Confidence in A Neck Cream Anti-Aging Moisturizer works to smooth out any fine lines. And to soothe dry lips, try Becca Cosmetics' Hydra-Light Smoothing Lip Scrub. Its formula has moisturizing mango butter and coconut oil and natural sugars to exfoliate any dryness or flakiness.

The Juice Beauty Stem Cellular Anti-Wrinkle Overnight Cream & Eye Treatment is made with primrose oil, which reduces dark circles, and vitamin C to hydrate the eye area. If you're more of a mask person, the Este Lauder Perfectly Clean Multi-Action Foam Cleanser and Purifying Mask may be for you. It's a two-in-one cleanser and mask that unclogs pores using salicylic acid. Either wash it off right away like a face wash or let it sit for three minutes like a mask to prevent and calm any acne.

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Ulta Beautys Love Your Skin Event Is Here | January 2021 - Allure

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Ulta Beautys Love Your Skin Event Is Here | January 2021 – Allure | January 9th, 2021

Dublin, Jan. 06, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The "Organ and Tissue Transplantation and Alternatives" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering.

This report offers forecasts, by product segment, from 2018 through 2024, including supporting analyses for projections. Product segments covered consist of the solid organ (e.g., kidneys, liver, heart-lung, pancreas, intestines) and the tissue transplantation (e.g., bone, skin, cornea, heart valve) markets, along with the pharmaceuticals that accompany each market.

Also included are experimental xenografts and artificial organs; tissue transplants; and cell transplants (e.g., bone marrow, cord blood, peripheral blood, islet cell). The report touches on the use of fetal cells, stem cells, and altered cancer cells.

The arrangement of this report offers an overview of the key elements in the transplantation process: tissue typing, procurement and preservation, immunosuppressants for solid organ and tissue transplants, and postoperative monitoring. International markets are discussed, and information is provided on industry structure and the regulatory environment.

Within each section are discussions of commercialization opportunities for each segment of the market. New or emerging devices, techniques, and pharmaceuticals are highlighted.

Profiles of leading companies involved with solid organ transplantation, tissue transplantation, and alternative technologies are included. The report provides information on company placement within the market and strategic analyses of the companies' available and emerging products.

An appendix featuring various terms and processes used in transplantation is provided at the end of the report.

This report cites autologous products only in relation to their impact on the market for allografts. It does not include blood products, except for peripheral and umbilical cord blood as a source of stem cells.

By geography, the market has been segmented into North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Rest of the World regions. Detailed analysis of the market in major countries such as the U.S., Germany, the U.K., Italy, France, Spain, Japan, China, India, Brazil, Mexico, GCC countries, and South Africa will be covered in the regional segment. For market estimates, data will be provided for 2019 as the base year, with estimates for 2020 and forecast value for 2024.

Story continues

Report Includes:

26 data tables and 37 additional tables

An overview of the global organ and tissue transplantation and alternatives market

Estimation of the market size and analyses of market trends, with data from 2018 to 2019, estimates for 2020, and projection of CAGR through 2024

Details about organ and tissue transplantation and alternatives, their pathophysiology and effects, and major advancement and latest trends

A look at the regulatory scenarios and initiatives by a government organization

Analysis of current and future market dynamics and identification of key drivers, restraints, and opportunities such as increasing incidence of organ donations, improved awareness about organ donations, side effects of organ and tissue transplantation, and antibiotic resistance infections

Coverage of emerging procedures and products in development and discussion on the prevalence of major chronic diseases which initiates organ damage or donation

Discussion on the role of the organ procurement organization and information on transplantation process and preparation and coverage of issues like black market donors

Impact analysis of COVID-19 on organ and tissue transplantation and alternatives market

Market share analysis of the key companies of the industry and coverage of events like mergers & acquisitions, joint ventures, collaborations or partnerships, and other key market strategies

Company profiles of major players of the industry, including Abiomed Inc., Bayer AG, F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., Johnson & Johnson, Novartis AG, Pfizer Inc., and XVIVO Perfusion

Growth of the global market is attributed to factors such as the growing prevalence of obesity, diabetes, cancer, and other chronic diseases which leads to organ damage, a strong product regulatory scenario, and strong investment in research and development activities by key market players including Abbott Laboratories, Cryolife Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis Ag, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Medtronic, Arthrex Inc., Depuy Synthes (Johnson & Johnson), and Allosource.

Although various factors facilitate the global market for organ and tissue transplantation and alternatives, certain parameters such as challenges in HLA sequencing and gaps in supply and demand can constrain market growth. For instance, although there is an increasing need for organ transplants, the shortage of organs worldwide limits the number of transplant procedures performed, and in turn, creates an impact on transplant diagnostics procedures. An increasing number of candidates on the waiting list for organ transplant procedures worldwide further widens this gap of availability and requirement of organs for transplant purposes.

Successful organ and tissue transplantation began to arrive in the mid-1970s when tissue typing coupled with the use of cyclosporine provided more successful graft and patient survival. Today, patient and graft survival for kidney transplants is higher than 90% for the first year post-transplant, and often the success rate is 80% to 90% for five years post-transplant, with some recipients living more than 20 years after their transplant.

Continuing developments in organ procurement, organ preservation, tissue typing, and immunosuppressant use have bolstered successful transplantation surgical techniques. Evolving posttransplant drug and testing regimens have added to the success rate with close post-transplant monitoring and immunosuppressant dosage review.

Key Topics Covered:

Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 Summary and Highlights

Chapter 3 Market and Technology Background

Organ and Tissue Transplantation and Alternatives

Cost of Care

Solid Organ Preservation

Immunosuppression

Organ Transplantation Alternatives

Trends in Organ and Tissue Transplantation Techniques and Their Alternatives

3D Tissue Assembly

Nanotechnology for Tissue Regeneration

Innovation by Small Firms

Chapter 4 Market Dynamics

Market Drivers

Increasing Epidemiology of Different Diseases Influencing Organ Transplantations

Rise in the Geriatric Population

Rising Awareness of Importance of Organ and Tissue Donation

New Therapeutic Pathways for Organ Transplantation and Their Alternatives

Market Restraints

Challenges in Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Sequencing

Demand and Supply Gap

Market Opportunities

Growing Economic Benefits of Organ and Tissue Transplants

Improvement in Healthcare Infrastructure

Chapter 5 Market Breakdown by Product & Devices

Global Market for Organ and Tissue Transplantation and Alternatives

Alternative Technologies

Market Size and Forecast

Alternatives to Heart Transplantation

Surgical

Mechanical

Total Artificial Heart

Ventricular Assist Devices (VADs)

Generations of Designs

Orthopedic Alternatives

Tissue Products

Market Size and Forecast

Immunosuppressants

Market Size and Forecast

Solid Organ Preservation Solutions

Market Size and Forecast

Preservation Solutions in Development

Tissue Typing

Market Size and Forecast

Chapter 6 Market Breakdown by Region

Global Market for Organ and Tissue Transplantation and Alternatives by Region

North America

United States

Canada

Mexico

Europe

Germany

France

U.K.

Italy

Spain

Rest of Europe

Asia-Pacific

Japan

China

India

Australia and New Zealand

Rest of Asia-Pacific

Rest of the World

Market Analysis

Brazil

South Africa

Rest of the World Countries

Chapter 7 Impact of COVID-19

Introduction

Impact on Kidney Transplant Program

Impact on Pharmaceutical Companies

Donor Testing

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Global Organ and Tissue Transplantation and Alternatives Market to 2024 - Impact Analysis of COVID-19 - Yahoo Finance

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Global Organ and Tissue Transplantation and Alternatives Market to 2024 – Impact Analysis of COVID-19 – Yahoo Finance | January 9th, 2021

Ah, pregnancy. That wild, magical time when youre growing new life and all that, but also experiencing crazy symptoms of bodily change daily. Today, a fire-breathing dragon might be sending shooting flames of heartburn up your oesophagus, while tomorrow, pigmentation-induced maps of lost lands might appear overnight on your body. Its a game of Russian roulette because you never know what youre going to get.

A womans skin and hair are two of the areas that undergo massive change, and just like with other pregnancy side effects, you cant predict which ones youll get. Women whove never suffered a zit in their life can suddenly sprout a crop of hormonal acne, or find their bright, taut complexion is now droopy and sallow, while others are plagued by melasma and other pigmentation issues. These problems may be cosmetic, but they can be as unsettling and debilitating for women as other medical side effects, at a time when their bodies and minds are going through profound changes.

Dr Lara Devgan, a celebrity plastic surgeon in New York, shares the most common skin and hair concerns she sees in pregnant women and shares her top tips to safely alleviate them, using a combination of products and in-clinic procedures. Devgan also has six children of her own and is no stranger to post-baby skin and hair issues herself, so this advice is definitely doctor-vetted.

Hyperpigmentation and melasma are the most common skin complaints during and after pregnancy. An even skin tone is a marker of beauty, so hyperpigmentation can be quite unsettling. Melasma is so life-altering that it is sometimes referred to as the mask of pregnancy. Hyperpigmentation is multifactorialdue to genetics, hormonal fluctuations, environmental exposures like sun and heat, stress, trauma, and other unknown phenomena. The best way to address hyperpigmentation is multifactorial as well: topical skincare products like Vitamin C and E are safe to use during pregnancy and breastfeeding. After that, Devgan suggests adding a retinol or bakuchiol serum and considering microinfusion, micro-needling, peels, and lasers for more aggressive treatment of hyperpigmentation.

Pregnancy can often be associated with dullness, dryness, and loss of skin elasticity and lustre. Devgan recommends a hyaluronic serum for increased skin hydration during pregnancy. Postpartum, she suggests laser resurfacing; Its an amazing technique for rejuvenation of the skin, offering a complete skin reset to improve lustre, texture, discolouration and fine lines. She recommends the Erbium laser for a thorough resurfacing of the skins surface; it also has a much lower risk of post-laser hyperpigmentation in Indian skin tones.

Getting wrinkles and pimples at the same time can seem like the worst of both worlds for pregnant and nursing women. The best way to address acne during pregnancy is spot treatment with benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid-based treatments. It is also important to think about daily routines and habits like cleansing the face, regularly changing pillowcases, and sterilising cell phone screens, says Devgan. Once nursing is complete, in-office treatments can also help. Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) can be used to selectively target the bacteria that causes acne. Prescription oral medications may also help. Often, when hormones normalise after delivery, the skin also tends more toward its baseline homeostasis, says Devgan.

Hair loss is one of the most distressing things to happen in the postpartum period. Because of a rapid decrease in progesterone as well as fluctuations in oestrogen levels, the thick, beautiful hair of pregnancy begins to shed shortly after delivery. Hair loss is a complex and multifactorial issue, with many solutions, says Devgan. A supplement rich in biotin, folate, and vitamin B derivatives can help boost growth by restoring the deficient cellular building blocks needed for hair growth. Topical sprays and foams such as minoxidil (Rogaine) can also help the survivalof hair follicles. Devgan also frequently performs Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) injections into the scalp to help boost growth factors and stem cells needed for hair growth.

8 skincare rules you need to keep in mind during your pregnancy

All the skincare and wellness changes you need to make during pregnancy

Anushka Sharma on her experience of pregnancy: You are more connected to your body, to all that is happening

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A celebrity dermat's tips for new moms on how to deal with postpartum hair and skin issues - VOGUE India

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on A celebrity dermat’s tips for new moms on how to deal with postpartum hair and skin issues – VOGUE India | January 9th, 2021

There's no better time than a national lockdown to test out the coolest new skincare/makeup/hair trends and snazzy innovations in beauty tech from the comfort of your own home. That said, there's nothing more frustrating than spending upwards of 100 on a snazzy new hair treatment or at-home facial system, only to find out it doesn't *actually* work.

Enter GLAMOUR Tries: the weekly Instagram series which sees GLAMOUR editors do all of the time-consuming (and expensive) work for you.

We've been busy trying out all of the (sometimes) wacky but always wonderful beauty crazes to take the internet by storm - from the hair pods seen backstage at Victoria Beckham during fashion week to Sarah Chapman's 138 Meso-Melt Infusion at-home facial and Ciate's nail stickers which promise an Instagram-ready manicure in minutes. These are the products that every veteran beauty sleuth is talking about - but that you want to do a bit of research into before buying.

Thanks to GLAMOUR Tries, you won't need to waste your hard-earned pennies on testing these innovations yourself. We're getting in their first, giving you the lowdown and making sure you invest in products that genuinely work. Like what you see? You can shop all of the products seen on GLAMOUR tries, with the click of a button, down below. Don't say we don't treat you.

This week, our Social Media Assistant Luca Wetherby-Matthews tried FOREO's UFO 2 LED Power Mask. Described as "the future of your weekly masking ritual", it's designed to supercharge your pampering sessions by offering you a range of treatments in one device to tackle your main skin concerns.

Condensing a 20-minute session into 90 seconds, it works in combination with the specially invented UFO-activated masks and each treatment incorporates a carefully chosen combination of temperature and pulsation intensity for maximum effect and soothing facial massage. It switches between thermotherapy (warm) to soften the skin to cryotherapy (cold) to lift and firm. That's the "Power Mask" part.

The light therapy part? The effects of the aforementioned treatments are boosted with a choice of eight light settings from antibacterial blue light to sunburn-soothing yellow LED. Of course, LED face masks are big news right now, thanks to their ability to reduce breakouts, pigmentation, rosacea symptoms, psoriasis and other side-effects of inflammation. If you don't suffer from the above complaints, LED light therapy can simply help to improve the appearance of your skin. It's a great time to invest.

Buy It Now: Cult Beauty Buy It Now: Foreo Buy It Now: John Lewis Buy It Now: LookFantastic

So, how did Luca get on? "It might seem a bit overwhelming, but something really impressive is that you can connect this to your FOREO app, and the app will guide you through your treatment based on the mask you use with it," Luca said. "It'll choose your LED settings and every other setting, doing all the hard work for you."

"My skin feels so good, and it was actually much more of a relaxing experience than I thought it was going to be. Just because it's such a quick treatment, I didn't know what to expect. But things like the cryotherapy just felt insane! So refreshing, really professional and the pulsations really relaxed my muscles. I love that you can just follow along on the app, which is so intuitive."

Buy It Now: Cult Beauty Buy It Now: Foreo Buy It Now: John Lewis Buy It Now: LookFantastic

Let us know your thoughts and check out our full review over on Instagram @glamouruk now.

Original post:
FOREO UFO 2 Review: Is It Worth The Hype? - GLAMOUR UK

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on FOREO UFO 2 Review: Is It Worth The Hype? – GLAMOUR UK | January 9th, 2021

Stem cells are biological cells which have the ability to distinguish into specialized cells, which are capable of cell division through mitosis. Amniotic fluid stem cells are a collective mixture of stem cells obtained from amniotic tissues and fluid. Amniotic fluid is clear, slightly yellowish liquid which surrounds the fetus during pregnancy and is discarded as medical waste during caesarean section deliveries. Amniotic fluid is a source of valuable biological material which includes stem cells which can be potentially used in cell therapy and regenerative therapies. Amniotic fluid stem cells can be developed into a different type of tissues such as cartilage, skin, cardiac nerves, bone, and muscles. Amniotic fluid stem cells are able to find the damaged joint caused by rheumatoid arthritis and differentiate tissues which are damaged. Medical conditions where no drug is able to lessen the symptoms and begin the healing process are the major target for amniotic fluid stem cell therapy. Amniotic fluid stem cells therapy is a solution to those patients who do not want to undergo surgery. Amniotic fluid has a high concentration of stem cells, cytokines, proteins and other important components. Amniotic fluid stem cell therapy is safe and effective treatment which contain growth factor helps to stimulate tissue growth, naturally reduce inflammation. Amniotic fluid also contains hyaluronic acid which acts as a lubricant and promotes cartilage growth.

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With increasing technological advancement in the healthcare, amniotic fluid stem cell therapy has more advantage over the other therapy. Amniotic fluid stem cell therapy eliminates the chances of surgery and organs are regenerated, without causing any damage. These are some of the factors driving the growth of amniotic fluid stem cell therapy market over the forecast period. Increasing prevalence of chronic diseases which can be treated with the amniotic fluid stem cell therapy propel the market growth for amniotic fluid stem cell therapy, globally. Increasing funding by the government in research and development of stem cell therapy may drive the amniotic fluid stem cell therapy market growth. But, high procedure cost, difficulties in collecting the amniotic fluid and lack of reimbursement policies hinder the growth of amniotic fluid stem cell therapy market.

The global amniotic fluid stem cell therapy market is segmented on basis of treatment, application, end user and geography:

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Rapid technological advancement in healthcare, and favorable results of the amniotic fluid stem cells therapy will increase the market for amniotic fluid stem cell therapy over the forecast period. Increasing public-private investment for stem cells in managing disease and improving healthcare infrastructure are expected to propel the growth of the amniotic fluid stem cell therapy market.

However, on the basis of geography, global Amniotic Fluid Stem Cell Therapy Market is segmented into six key regionsviz. North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia Pacific Excluding China, China and Middle East & Africa. North America captured the largest shares in global Amniotic Fluid Stem Cell Therapy Market and is projected to continue over the forecast period owing to technological advancement in the healthcare and growing awareness among the population towards the new research and development in the stem cell therapy. Europe is expected to account for the second largest revenue share in the amniotic fluid stem cell therapy market. The Asia Pacific is anticipated to have rapid growth in near future owing to increasing healthcare set up and improving healthcare expenditure. Latin America and the Middle East and Africa account for slow growth in the market of amniotic fluid stem cell therapy due to lack of medical facilities and technical knowledge.

Some of the key players operating in global amniotic fluid stem cell therapy market are Stem Shot, Provia Laboratories LLC, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. Mesoblast Ltd., Roslin Cells, Regeneus Ltd. etc. among others.

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The Amniotic Fluid Stem Cell Therapy Market to be synonymous to vertical growth between 2018 and 2026 - LionLowdown

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on The Amniotic Fluid Stem Cell Therapy Market to be synonymous to vertical growth between 2018 and 2026 – LionLowdown | January 5th, 2021

Start the new year with a sweet treat, warm up your feet and dont forget to look glamorous even if all you do is stay home. Heres to 2021! We have high hopes for you...Lierac Paris's anti-aging premium La Cure Absolute. (Photo credit: Courtesy)28 DAYS TO NEW SKINRelatively new in Israel, the French cosmetic brand Lierac Paris launches its flagship product the anti-aging premium La Cure Absolute, a serum that really makes a difference. According to the company, this is a scientific breakthrough developed in their labs together with Harvard University after 25 years of research. The product has seven different registered patents inspired by anti-aging research and based on micro-emulsions and GDF 11 technology. The new technology promotes cell renewal of up to 50%. The rehabilitation is quick 28 days and the results are quite dramatic. We have been using the serum for a week and already see the difference. The product is especially effective in treating tired-looking skin and deep lines, giving skin a shot of energy and also treating pigmentation. Use morning and evening before your hydrating cream. NIS 599, available in clinics and beauty centers. For more information go to http://www.lierac.co.ilGlamGlow youth potion. (Photo credit: Courtesy)ALL THAT GLAMOpen the year looking more glamorous than ever with Hollywoods most glamorous brand, GlamGlow. Their latest launch is the Youthpotion Rejuvenating Peptide Serum, which promises to add glamour to your look from the first application. Thanks to raspberry stem-cells, hyaluronic acid and red seaweed, this light serum will add a youthful glow to your face and make you feel more glamorous, even if all you wear these days is pyjamas. The texture is light and serum absorbs quickly. Use morning and evening with hydrating cream. NIS 349, available in Superpharm, Mashbir, Be and April stores.

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2021: What are the best self-care products to buy in the new year? - The Jerusalem Post

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on 2021: What are the best self-care products to buy in the new year? – The Jerusalem Post | January 3rd, 2021

More than 25 years ago, it was a patient with a port-wine stain who inspired Alster to learn more about the then-fledgling world of lasers. Alster accepted a fellowship in Boston, where her patient traveled to receive treatments. So in essence, I changed her life because I significantly lightened the birthmark to the point where she didn't need to cover it, says Alster. And she changed my life because I wouldn't have looked into lasers if it wasn't for her... I ended up opening up my own center in Washington, D.C. in 1990. And at that time it was the only freestanding laser center in the world.

Lasers and Scars

Lasers can treat many types of scars, including surgical scars, acne scars, and scars from injuries. They penetrate the epidermis to stimulate new, healthy skin cell growth. The most common lasers used in scar removal are ablative fractional carbon dioxide lasers, Nd:YAG, nonablative fractional lasers, and pulsed dye lasers.

Lasers and Hair Removal

Laser hair removal is a medical procedure that uses a concentrated beam of light to remove unwanted hair. The laser emits a light that is absorbed by the pigment (melanin) in the hair. The light energy is converted to heat, which then damages the hair follicles that produce hairs. This damage inhibits or delays future hair growth. With repeated treatments, laser hair removal can permanently reduce unwanted hair. While all hairs dont fall out immediately, they will shed within days to weeks of treatment.

But lasers arent only used for hair reduction. Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) is a relatively new treatment that uses low-power lasers to stimulate hair growth. Its hypothesized that LLLT stimulates stem cells in the hair follicle and shifts the follicles in the anagen (growth) stage of the hair cycle.

How is LED different from lasers?

Commonly confused with lasers, light-emitting diodes (LED) can reduce fine lines, increase collagen production, and smooth skin by using varying color wavelengths of visible LED light. Lasers, on the other hand, often use a single wavelength, and the beam is ideal for stimulating changes that only respond to very specific wavelengths (hair removal, dark spot removal, etc.).

Can you combine lasers with other in-office treatments in the same session?

Short answer: Yes! Depending on the laser you and your dermatologist choose, you can get filler or Botox in the same treatment. Some experts will specifically recommend injectables with Fraxel within the same appointment since its considered safe and delivers a rather dramatic final result. Alster often combines non-ablative laser treatments with microneedling to amplify the effects.

Can you be too young for lasers?

When deciding whether or not to try a laser, your age shouldnt be a major deciding factor. It's more of a matter of the problem you want to fix, not how old you are. Many young people have rosacea, acne, sun spots, and sun damage all of which are treatable with lasers. Still, less-intensive therapies, such as chemical peels, are likely enough to repair young, relatively healthy skin (and are often less expensive).

Is it safe to laser your skin at home?

There are various options for at-home laser treatments that you can use safely. Typically, at-home devices have significantly lower power than those used in a medical setting, in order to reduce risks. Many lasers for wrinkles or acne are simply LED light products, like the Dr. Dennis Gross Skincare DRx SpectraLite mask. There are, however, a few at-home non-ablative fractional lasers available, like the Tria SmoothBeauty Laser.

Michelles Current Favorites

While everyones skin is different and your personal dermatologist knows whats best for you Michelle says she slathered her face with Aquaphor following a Fraxel treatment. You really do need to keep your skin moist [afterward], she says. And then it's all about sunscreen, sunscreen, sunscreen. Right now, Michelle is into Dr. Loretta Urban Antioxidant Sunscreen SPF 40, which has a slight tint.

Jennys Current Favorites

Like Michelle, Jenny used Aquaphor after getting Fraxel. She also used CeraVe Moisturizing Cream post-treatment to help speed up healing. And in order to cover up the sandpaper-like texture and small, dark dots that often arise after getting Fraxel, Jenny used Oxygenetix Oxygenating Foundation. A lot of dermatologists and plastic surgeons recommend it for people to use this when they're healing, she says. It's thicker than what I would normally use for foundation, but it gave a really seamless finish [and] got me through that week or two after [treatment].

Like many in-office treatments, lasers often come with some downtime. But good things come to those who wait: Lasers can have a huge impact on the look and health of your skin.

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The Complete Guide to Laser Treatments for Hair and Skin | The Science of Beauty Podcast | Allure - Allure

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on The Complete Guide to Laser Treatments for Hair and Skin | The Science of Beauty Podcast | Allure – Allure | December 30th, 2020

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Vaccines at warp speed

Only one breakthrough truly mattered this year: the creation of a COVID-19 shot. The previous record for the fastest vaccine development, for mumps, was four years. But on Dec. 8 11 months after research began a 90-year-old British grandmother became the first person in the world to receive Pfizer's new COVID vaccine outside of a clinical study. Like Moderna's new shot, which was approved in the U.S. last week, the two-dose vaccine is about 95 percent effective and uses an entirely new type of technology. In traditional vaccines, a patient is injected with dead viral material, which triggers the body to produce antibodies. Pfizer's and Moderna's shot use a synthetic version of coronavirus genetic material that leads human cells to produce copies of the virus' outer spike proteins. Those proteins spark an immune defense. Pfizer and Moderna together hope to deliver enough doses for 20 million people by Dec. 31. "The light at the end of the tunnel is getting a little brighter," says infectious-disease expert Dr. William Schaffner.

Solving a protein puzzle

An artificial intelligence program appears to have solved one of the biggest mysteries in biology. The "protein-folding problem" is important because most biological processes such as how insulin controls blood-sugar levels or how antibodies fight coronaviruses are driven by proteins. How the strings of amino acids that make up a protein twist and fold into a 3D shape determines its function. Trying to establish how proteins get their origami-like structure can take years of lab work. But AlphaFold, an artificial intelligence program developed by the Google-owned DeepMind lab, can do it in a matter of hours with a remarkable level of accuracy. Bioinformatics professor Janet Thornton says protein-folding was "a problem that I was beginning to think would not get solved in my lifetime."

Building living 'bots

American scientists have created the world's first living robots. The millimeter-wide "xenobots" were formed by scraping live stem cells from frog embryos and leaving them to incubate. The resulting skin and heart cells were then reshaped and combined into "body forms" designed by a supercomputer to complete certain tasks walking, for example, or swimming. The pulsing heart cells serve as a miniature engine that powers xenobots until their energy reserves run out after about 10 days at present. Study co-leader Michael Levin says these "living, programmable organisms" might one day carry out tasks such as removing plaque from artery walls.

Signs of life on Venus?

Scientists have found hints that life might exist on Venus a notoriously inhospitable planet where surface temperatures hit 860 degrees Fahrenheit. Using powerful telescopes, researchers detected traces of the gas phosphine in the Venusian atmosphere. On Earth, that gas is produced by human industry and by microbial organisms that live in oxygen-free environments. Phosphine is quick to react and disappear, so something must be replenishing its supply on Venus. Researchers say it's not implausible that single-celled life might survive in the Venusian atmosphere, floating in a region where liquid water exists. Study co-author Sara Seager says the only way to confirm this theory is by "actually going to Venus."

This article was first published in the latest issue of The Week magazine. If you want to read more like it, you can try six risk-free issues of the magazine here.

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The big scientific breakthroughs of 2020 - The Week

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on The big scientific breakthroughs of 2020 – The Week | December 30th, 2020

A U.S. study has shown for the first time that enhancing signals from the nociceptive nervous system could provide new approaches to improve the collection of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for treating cancers of the blood and bone marrow, the authors reported in the December 23, 2020, edition of Nature.

The findings may help cancer treatments, as "in a meaningful fraction of leukemia, multiple myeloma and lymphoma patients, particularly those who have received anticancer treatment, the HSC mobilization yield can be insufficient," said study leader Paul Frenette.

"Therefore, more efficient HSC mobilization methods would allow the harvest of sufficient HSCs for life-saving transplantation," said Frenette, a professor and director of the Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York.

HSCs characteristically migrate to different hematopoietic sites during embryonic development and continue to be released from the adult bone marrow.

Most hematopoiesis occurs in the bone marrow, where different types of blood cells are derived from limited numbers of HSCs, which are multipotent and capable of extensive renewal.

The HSC migratory properties have facilitated their collection from the blood and transplantation as regenerative cancer treatment, although the mechanisms by which HSCs migrate out of the bone marrow remain largely unknown.

In tissues exposed to the external environment, such as the skin, lung and gut, nociceptors enable the rapid detection of external insults, including pain, cold or heat, in order to avoid organ damage.

Nociceptor sensory neurons detect these harmful stimuli and can regulate the immune response to them by releasing neurotransmitters and other regulatory molecules.

However, other than for pain perception, the role of nociceptors in a deep tissue, such as the bone marrow, is poorly understood.

In bone marrow, HSCs are found in specialized microenvironments or niches, which are complex regulatory environments influenced by multiple cellular constituents, including nerves.

Although sympathetic nerves are known to regulate the HSC niche, the role of nociceptive neurons in the bone marrow in this regard remains unclear.

"We have previously shown that nerves from the sympathetic nervous system promoted HSC mobilization in bone marrow, so we were curious to see whether nociceptive neurons might also be involved," Frenette told BioWorld Science.

In their new Nature study, the Frenette and his team showed that nociceptive neurons are required for HSC mobilization and that they interact with sympathetic nerves to maintain HSCs in the bone marrow.

Notably, nociceptor neurons were demonstrated to drive granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-induced HSC mobilization via secretion of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP).

"Our findings may lead to more efficient mobilization methods in [blood and bone marrow cancer] patients in whom existing methods are insufficient," Frenette said.

For example, "we have shown that the CGRP pathway synergizes with G-CSF and plerixafor [(Mozobil, Genzyme), an immunostimulant used to mobilize HSCs into the bloodstream in cancer patients]." Unlike sympathetic nerves, which regulate HSCs indirectly via the bone marrow niche, CGRP was shown to act directly on HSCs via receptor activity modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) and the calcitonin receptor-like receptor to promote HSC egress via Galphas/adenyl cyclase/cAMP signaling pathway activation.

This research identifies potential treatment targets for boosting HSC mobilization, since "we have shown that increasing the downstream signaling of the CGRP receptor RAMP1, by increasing cyclic AMP can enhance HSC mobilization," said Frenette.

Importantly, the Einstein researchers then showed that ingestion of food containing capsaicin, a natural component of chili peppers that can trigger the activation of nociceptive neurons, significantly enhanced HSC mobilization in mice.

"Capsaicin tablets are currently sold over-the-counter to 'help support cardiovascular and digestive function' at higher doses than that predicted by our studies in mice for stimulating HSC mobilization in humans," said Frenette.

"These relatively low concentrations of capsaicin have biological effects without seemingly causing obvious pain," he said.

Collectively, these findings therefore suggest that targeting the nociceptive nervous system could represent a novel strategy by which to improve the yield of HSCs for stem cell-based therapies. (Gao, X. et al. Nature 2020, Advanced publication).

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Nociceptive neurons shown to boost hematopoiesis | 2020-12-28 - BioWorld Online

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Nociceptive neurons shown to boost hematopoiesis | 2020-12-28 – BioWorld Online | December 28th, 2020

Marco Kaltofen was 11 when he noticed his first white hairs. As his hair grew whiter, his middle-school friends started calling him the professor. By his mid-30s, it was completely white, as it had been for three of his grandparents. His parents went white in their 40s, so I had no chance of avoiding this, Kaltofen says.

Now 61, he is a civil engineer who lives in Boston. He wears his white hair in a ponytail. White hair is part of my identity, and I am completely at peace with it, he says.

Then there is Joe Rees, 75, a retired customs attache who lives in Washington. He is balding, but the hair that remains on the sides and in the back is the same dark brown it always has been. He jokingly attributes this to clean living and a pure heart, although, like Kaltofen, it probably is genetic. His mothers black hair didnt start to go gray until she was in her 70s, and was 50/50 when she died at 88, he says.

Still, Id rather be gray than bald, he says. That way, I wouldnt have to worry about wearing a hat all the time.

To be sure, Rees and Kaltofen are exceptions, since most people start graying in their 50s and 60s. Nevertheless, their experiences are among the many mysteries of gray, white or silver-looking hair that scientists are exploring to learn more about aging. They want to know why some people turn gray early and others late or not at all and what this might signal about their health. They also want to understand the factors that hasten graying, and even whether gray hair is reversible which could be a boon to those allergic to hair dye, or who hate spending money to keep the gray away.

Most important, studying gray hair could point to new approaches in promoting healthier aging, says Candace Kerr, health scientist administrator in the National Institute on Agings Division of Aging Biology.

While graying is one of the markers of aging aging is the ultimate risk factor for why hair goes gray it highlights the need for better understanding of the mechanisms that drive aging and age-related diseases, she says. To be able to target these pathways will be critically important for our aging population to live longer and happier lives.

Hair that looks gray, white or silver actually is colorless. Hair color comes from melanin, a pigment produced by cells in the hair follicles. Over time, these cells suffer damage and become depleted, losing their ability to make melanin. This results in new hair without pigment meaning, no color.

People use gray, white and silver interchangeably to describe hair that is turning or has turned. Its appearance whether it looks, gray, white or silver depends on how much natural color, or pigment, remains, experts say. Hair that has lost all its color typically appears white.

Studies have identified a number of factors that also may speed up gray hair, including smoking, diet, stress and genetics.

Our hair color depends on a set of specialized stem cells called melanocyte stem cells, and every time a new hair grows, these melanocyte stem cells have to divide in two and make a new melanocyte, [or] pigment cells, explains Melissa Harris, assistant professor of biology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. These pigment cells stay in the base of your hair and their job is to produce pigment. These melanocytes reach out skinny arms, called dendritic processes, that shuttle the pigment to the hair shaft as it grows. So if all your melanocyte stem cells disappear, so do your melanocytes and so does your hair pigment. Thus gray hair.

Because stem cells directly influence hair color, studying gray hair can provide insights about why stem cells age and ultimately fail, offering important clues about the workings of other stem cells in the body for example, those found in muscles, bones and organs. In turn, these ultimately could point to whether gray hair could be a marker for disease, or the opposite, a longer life. Previous studies have not shown a relationship between life span and gray hair, including whether late onset of gray hair predicts longevity. Some research, however, indicates that gray or white hair can be a sign of early heart disease, regardless of age.

In some people, gray hair could potentially serve as indication of their health for instance when caused by stress, or a signal for those who may be developing cardiovascular disease, Kerr says. We still need to learn more about whether and, if so, how late onset of gray hair can signal better health and longevity in some people under certain circumstances, as well as whether early graying means stem cells might be aging.

There are many different stem cells in our body which may or may not age by different means, she says. How stem cells mark aging overall and how they could interact to promote aging is an important question.

This is why scientists who study gray hair regard it as a valuable research tool.

As gray hair researchers, we often have to defend why we study a cosmetic characteristic, rather than a life-threatening disease, Harris says. But what is very cool about gray hair from a scientific point of view is that we can see it with our own eyes, meaning we dont have to take invasive biopsies, and it doesnt kill you. We have asked a lot of important and interesting questions about stem cells by studying gray hair in mice. And, we are constantly on the lookout for gray-haired mice so we can use our scientific skills to find out what makes them gray.

A 2018 mouse study by Team Hair-Us (Harris nickname for her lab colleagues) found a connection between MITF (microphthalmia), a transcription factor (a protein involved in gene expression) important in managing pigment production, and the innate immune system, suggesting that some peoples hair may turn gray in response to serious illness or chronic stress. They discovered a relationship between genes involved in hair color and those that trigger an immune response to a viral infection, suggesting this interaction could increase the chances of developing gray hair.

MITF, in a sense, shields melanocyte stem cells from our own immune system, she says. Normally our immune system protects our bodies from infection. But for melanocyte stem cells, too much immune response is bad for their health, and this leads to their loss and to gray hair. Why melanocyte stem cells are so sensitive to our own natural means for protection, we still dont know.

Im very curious to see whether we see an uptick in individuals with gray hair due to coronavirus infection, she says. Unfortunately, we probably wont know because gray hair is rarely documented clinically, unless it is very extreme.

Scientists still dont know why some people turn gray early, late, or not at all, although they suspect genes, nutrients and possibly the immune system play a role in depleting melanocyte stem cells.

There is still much to learn about what regulates these stem cells and what may contribute to their loss, says Ya-Chieh Hsu, associate professor of stem cell and regenerative biology at Harvard University and principal faculty member of the Harvard Stem Cell Institute.

Among other things, Hsu studies the effect of stress on graying. Most of us are familiar with those before-and-after photographs of U.S. presidents most recently Barack Obama showing a striking increase in gray hair during their terms, even in relatively young presidents. Its known as the Marie Antoinette Syndrome, after the 18th-century French queen whose hair allegedly turned white overnight before she went to the guillotine and her death at age 38 during the French Revolution.

With the aging process, we gradually lose melanocyte stem cells one-by-one over a very long period of time, Hsu says. What we found in our research was that the stress can accelerate that process.

Hsu and her colleagues found that stress stimulates the same nerves that trigger the fight-or-flight response, which in turn causes permanent damage to the pigment-producing cells in hair follicles. The fight or flight response is thought to be a good thing in stressful situations because it can drive us and other organisms to respond to danger rapidly, Hsu says. This activation causes a spike in the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. Norepinephrine raises our heartbeat and allows us to react quickly to danger without having to think about it.

But norepinephrine also tells melanocyte stem cells to pump up their activity and proliferate, and too much norepinephrine, in this case triggered by stress, causes the melanocyte stem cells to burst into so much activity it leads to rapid depletion of the stem cell reservoir, she says. If all the stem cells are depleted, no more pigment-producing cells can be produced anymore, and the hair turns gray.

Other stress hormones, ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) for example, can cause melanocyte stem cells to migrate away from the hair follicle before they can produce the melanocytes needed for hair and skin color, according to research. Such hormones are known to increase in the body after stress, and may have the potential to promote the loss of these cells, regardless of age, says study author Mayumi Ito, associate professor in the departments of cell biology and dermatology at the New York University Grossman School of Medicine.

Hsu believes the connection between stress and hair color could reveal additional information about how stress affects other biological processes. How stress affects our tissues is still poorly understood, and one of the powerful aspects about the melanocyte is that it provides a visible and highly trackable system to study stress, she says.

Ito also found that certain cell signaling proteins called endothelins (substances known to constrict blood vessels and raise blood pressure) bind to melanocyte stem cells and, in doing so, keep them healthy. Interrupting the process causes cell loss and early graying in mice. They are studying whether the same happens in human hair follicles, hoping to find ways to preserve or regenerate the key stem cells that give hair its color.

All of this raises the intriguing possibility that scientists could discover ways to prevent or reverse gray hair.

Team Hair-Us recently published a paper describing a topical drug combination that increased melanocyte stem cells in gray mice, ridding them of their gray and restoring their original fur color perhaps for good. Because the treatment originally developed to regrow hair replenished pigment-producing stem cells, the effects could be long-lasting, Harris says.

We didnt keep the mice forever so we dont know, says Harris, who plans more studies. This has made us very interested in whether gray hair really is permanent, and if we can do something about it. We really want to know and so does everyone else we talk to is whether and when we can bring this to humans.

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Getting to the root of why hair goes gray - messenger-inquirer

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Getting to the root of why hair goes gray – messenger-inquirer | December 26th, 2020

Chafing occurs when the skin rubs against something, such as clothing, for a prolonged period. The friction can cause a painful rash that typically resolves when the chafing stops.

A person can experience chafing on any part of the body that encounters friction. The resulting rash is often minor, but there are some possible complications.

In this article, we look at what causes chafing rash and how to treat it. We also look at how a person can prevent chafing from occurring.

A chafing rash occurs anywhere on the body where the skin is rubbing against clothing or other skin.

Mild chafing rashes tend not to be too painful, but more serious rashes could bleed, crust, or blister. Chafing can occur anywhere where there is friction, but some areas of the body are more prone to chafing than others.

Areas where chafing is most likely to happen are generally moist or generate friction. They include the:

The direct cause of chafing is the skin is rubbing against something for a prolonged period. This could happen, for instance, when someone is walking and their inner thighs are rubbing together.

Chafing is more likely to occur in particular areas of the body, and it tends to happen during physical activity, such as running.

Others causes of chafing include:

Additionally, an infant or toddler wearing a diaper may experience chafing due to the added moisture and movement in the area.

Learn more about the types of diaper rash here.

Chafing causes a burning or stinging rash to occur where the skin is rubbing against something. The rash will not spread to other areas.

Possible complications of chafing rashes include:

Bacteria could enter through the broken or damaged skin around a chafing rash and cause an infection. For that reason, a person should make sure that they take care of the rash and keep it clean. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) list several symptoms of a skin infection, which include:

Chafing rashes will typically clear up within a few days if a person stops the activity causing the chafing or takes action to prevent further chafing.

Excessive moisture and skin friction may lead to skin breakdown. Patting the skin dry to remove excess moisture may prevent complications of chafing rash.

A person may also wish to consider applying shea butter lotion to the rash. A 2012 study found that shea butter has anti-inflammatory properties, which could make it a good option for people who want to soothe a chafing rash with cream.

For pain, a person can try applying aloe vera to the skin, as it may soothe sore skin and help prevent infections.

People have also traditionally used a range of other plant oils, including olive oil and coconut oil, to treat skin-related issues. Further research is necessary to confirm the benefits of each of these oils.

Unless the skin becomes infected, doctors do not have a standard way of treating chafing rash. A person should avoid the activity that caused the chafing. If they cannot avoid the activity, they should take steps to prevent further chafing from occurring.

If a person needs treatment, a doctor may prescribe or recommend a corticosteroid cream or ointment to help reduce the inflammation resulting from the rash.

It is not always possible to prevent chafing from occurring, but a person can take certain steps to reduce the risk.

According to the American Academy of Dermatology Association, these steps include:

Other steps a person can take to help prevent chafing include:

Additionally, the findings of an older study suggest that a person can apply petroleum jelly to the skin to minimize friction and prevent chafing rash.

If a person develops a rash that spreads, it is likely not a chafing rash. A person should consider seeing their doctor if the rash does not go away within a few days of home treatment.

A person should also talk to their doctor if they suspect that their rash has become infected. A doctor can examine the rash and determine whether additional treatment is necessary.

A chafing rash is often a mild rash that occurs when skin rubs against clothing or other areas of skin. Many cases are mild and will go away when a person stops the activity causing the chafing.

A possible complication of chafing rash is a skin infection. A person should speak with their doctor if the rash is severe or they think that it has become infected.

At-home treatments for chafing rash include aloe vera and other soothing ointments. A person can take preventive steps to reduce the risk of a rash forming, such as wearing moisture-wicking clothing and applying petroleum jelly to areas prone to chafing.

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What causes chafing rash? Remedies, treatment, and prevention - Medical News Today

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on What causes chafing rash? Remedies, treatment, and prevention – Medical News Today | December 24th, 2020

Rashes can appear differently on different skin tones. For example, a heat rash on darker skin may look like a series of gray or white spots, while many medical sources describe them as red.

It is crucial for medical professionals to understand how health issues can present on the full range of skin tones. A lack of this understanding can lead to misdiagnoses.

It is generally advisable to contact a doctor about any rash that lasts longer than a week. The Skin of Color Society offer a database of dermatologists in the United States who have experience treating conditions in people of color.

In this article, we explore what rashes can look like on skin of color. We also describe the symptoms and treatments of specific issues.

The appearance of a rash varies with skin tone. On skin of color, a rash may be purple, gray, or white while medical texts often simply describe these rashes as red. Some redness may appear, but typically not very much.

This is due to melanin, a molecule that gives the skin and hair their color. Generally, the more melanin a person has in their skin, the darker their skin tone. It affects how the skin reacts to sunlight, damage, and health conditions that cause rashes.

Some doctors are unaware of how skin conditions present on darker skin. A 2018 study of four major medical textbooks found that darker skin tones were underrepresented in the imagery.

The studys authors report that while, at the time, 20.4% of the U.S. population was Black, only 4.5% of the photographs in the textbooks showed people with dark skin. They suggest that this is likely an example of racial bias in the healthcare system.

Below, we explore how various health issues can appear in skin of color.

Heat rash, sweat rash, and prickly heat are all common names for miliaria, a skin condition that occurs when the skins sweat ducts become blocked.

The symptoms of heat rash include:

On darker skin, the blisters may be gray or white.

This rash often occurs due to heat and humidity, but intense exercise, nonbreathable clothing, and medical dressings can also cause it. The condition typically improves within 12 days.

Cooling down, wearing more breathable clothing, and changing or, if recommended, removing dressings can help.

Eczema causes patches of dry, itchy skin, and the affected area may also be flaky or scaly. If the skin is very dry, it may crack or bleed.

In darker skin tones, patches of eczema may be red, pink, magenta, or darker than surrounding skin.

Eczema is also more likely to form in specific ways in people of color. For example, there is a higher chance that the rash may be papular, characterized by a series of small bumps like goosebumps.

There are several types of eczema, including:

This occurs when the skin comes into contact with an irritant, such as poison ivy, nickel, or fragrance. The skin may itch, sting, burn, or blister.

People with certain jobs have a higher risk of contact dermatitis. These jobs may involve regular contact with chemicals, food, or water. People with a higher risk may include:

Avoiding contact with the trigger, such as a specific chemical, is the best approach. A dermatologist can also describe products that can help and perform skin allergy testing to identify the trigger.

Atopic dermatitis is eczema with no clear cause. The condition often begins in childhood and may not last into adulthood. In the U.S., it appears to be more common among African Americans, Asian Americans, and Pacific Islanders than other groups.

There is no cure for atopic dermatitis, but there are ways of alleviating and preventing the rash from forming.

This typically involves using a non-irritating moisturizer regularly, after bathing or showering. It is also important to avoid fragranced products, food allergens, and irritating fabrics, such as wool. In addition, a person may need a topical corticosteroid, which a doctor can recommend or prescribe.

Learn more about eczema on black skin and its treatments.

Psoriasis is a long-term inflammatory condition that causes thickened patches of skin. On skin of color, these patches may be red or violet and have a top layer of silver or gray scales.

In the U.S., psoriasis is more common in white people than Black people. However, in Black people, it may be more likely to cover larger areas of the body.

Psoriasis can affect the nails as well as the skin, and a significant portion of people with psoriasis also have arthritis.

There is no cure, but it is possible to manage the symptoms. Among the range of options are:

Learn more about psoriasis on black skin and its treatments.

Lichen planus causes a series of bumps to form on the skin. Each bump is shiny, raised, and has a flat top. On skin of color, these bumps may be gray-brown or purple.

The most commonly affected areas are the back, neck, lower legs, ankles, and the insides of the wrists. In 20% of cases, lichen planus causes no symptoms beyond the bumps, but in others, it causes intense itching.

Lichen planus can last for months or years, and there is no known cure. Treatments that can relieve the symptoms include:

Learn more about the causes and treatments of lichen planus.

Vitiligo is a condition that causes patches of skin to lose its color, or become depigmented. If the condition affects areas with hair, the hair may turn white, too.

The condition occurs when the immune system attacks melanocytes, the cells that produce melanin. Scientists are not sure why this happens, but they believe that it could stem from an autoimmune response.

Areas commonly affected by vitiligo include:

Vitiligo can affect anyone, but it is more noticeable in people with darker skin. People with vitiligo are more likely to have a family history of autoimmune disorders.

The depigmentation often stops or slows over time. Treatments focus on reducing the spread of depigmentation and restoring color to the skin. This may include the use of medicated creams or light therapy.

Shingles is caused by the same virus as chickenpox. Anyone who has had chickenpox can develop shingles later on. One symptom that most people with shingles develop is a rash of small blisters.

The symptoms of shingles are:

Some people also experience a fever, headaches, muscle aches, stomach pain, or nausea and vomiting.

On highly pigmented skin, a shingles rash may be red, the same color as the skin, or slightly darker. The scabs may be grey.

While the rash often heals within 24 weeks, it is important for anyone with shingles symptoms to see a doctor for treatment within 23 days. This is because shingles can cause long-term complications.

The doctor can prescribe antiviral medication, which can reduce the risk of complications and shorten the healing time.

Ringworm is a fungal infection of the skin. It often causes a round or ring-shaped rash with a raised border, though the rash may be shaped differently on certain areas, such as the feet or hands.

On darker skin, the ringworm rash is often gray or brown.

Ringworm is contagious, so it is important to seek treatment right away and avoid touching the rash, even if it is itchy.

Other names for this infection include:

Treatment may involve antifungal cream or, if the rash covers a large area, oral medication.

The best approach to treatment at home depends on the cause of the rash. But there are some general strategies for preventing further irritation, such as:

It is also important to protect the skin from sun damage with a product that contains SPF 30 or higher. UV light can also worsen skin irritation for people with certain conditions.

In some cases, a rash signals a medical emergency. Seek urgent medical attention if a rash:

Anyone who may have shingles or ringworm should see a doctor promptly to prevent transmission. For shingles, a person should wait no more than 23 days.

Otherwise, it is generally a good idea to contact a doctor if any rash lasts longer than a week.

The Skin of Color Society provide a database of dermatologists in the U.S. who have experience treating conditions in people of color.

In skin of color, a rash may be red, brown, purple, or gray.

Some doctors may misdiagnose skin issues in people of color due to a lack of awareness. Skin of color is often underrepresented in medical texts.

A dermatologist who understands how rashes present in the full range of skin tones is best prepared to provide the right treatment.

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Rash on black skin: Pictures, symptoms, and treatments - Medical News Today

Skin Stem Cells Comments Off on Rash on black skin: Pictures, symptoms, and treatments – Medical News Today | December 24th, 2020