Cardiovascular diseases represent the world's leading cause of death. In this heterogeneous group of diseases, ischemic cardiomyopathies are the most devastating and prevalent, estimated to cause 17.9 million deaths per year. Despite all biomedical efforts, there are no effective treatments that can replace the myocytes lost during an ischemic event or progression of the disease to heart failure. In this context, cell therapy is an emerging therapeutic alternative to treat cardiovascular diseases by cell administration, aimed at cardiac regeneration and repair. In this review, we will cover more than 30 years of cell therapy in cardiology, presenting the main milestones and drawbacks in the field and signaling future challenges and perspectives. The outcomes of cardiac cell therapies are discussed in three distinct aspects: The search for remuscularization by replacement of lost cells by exogenous adult cells, the endogenous stem cell era, which pursued the isolation of a progenitor with the ability to induce heart repair, and the utilization of pluripotent stem cells as a rich and reliable source of cardiomyocytes. Acellular therapies using cell derivatives, such as microvesicles and exosomes, are presented as a promising cell-free therapeutic alternative.

Keywords: Cardiac stem cell; Cardiovascular diseases; Cell therapy; Pluripotent stem cells; Progenitor cardiac cells; Stem cell.

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Stem cell therapies in cardiac diseases: Current status and future ...

Reparative stem cells have the capability to restore function to damaged tissue by renewing cell growth (shown in green) in cardiac cells destroyed by heart disease.

Approximately 28 million Americans have been diagnosed with heart disease. Traditional medical therapies are not able to fully address the burden of disease, and the shortage of organs for transplantation remains a key barrier more than 117,000 people are on the national transplant list.

This unmet need drives Mayo Clinic researchers to make new discoveries to accelerate regenerative solutions into clinical trials and rapidly provide new hope to patients who can't currently be treated.

Cardiac regeneration is a broad effort that aims to repair irreversibly damaged heart tissue with cutting-edge science, including stem cell and cell-free therapy. Reparative tools have been engineered to restore damaged heart tissue and function using the body's natural ability to regenerate. Working together, patients and providers are finding regenerative solutions that restore, renew and recycle patients' own reparative capacity. Through the vision and generous support of Russ and Kathy Van Cleve, strong efforts are underway to develop discoveries that will have a global impact on ischemic heart disease.

Mayo Clinic researchers are leading efforts in translating new knowledge into applicable therapeutics through a multidisciplinary community of practice. As technology evolves, it offers the potential to regenerate cardiac tissue from noncardiac sources and ultimately provide personalized products and services to people with cardiovascular disease.

The overarching vision for the cardiac regeneration program at Mayo Clinic is to develop new therapies to cure ischemic heart disease. Mayo researchers are developing products for clinical testing that span the disease spectrum, including the following areas:

More information about cardiac regenerative medicine research at Mayo Clinic is on the Van Cleve Cardiac Regenerative Medicine Program website.

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Center for Regenerative Biotherapeutics - Cardiac Regeneration

The limited regenerative capacity of the heart is a major factor in heart failure and death. Once cardiac cells are diseased, its hard for them to heal like your body would with a cut. Studying how the heart forms in fetuses and then matures is a natural step for researchers interested in generating and regenerating heart cells. Theyre also investigating the effect of stem cell-derived cardiac cells on repairing damaged hearts and their potential to treat heart muscle diseases.

Cardiovascular progenitor cells (CPCs), a type of heart cell, are called building blocks because theyre used to form the heart during fetal development. They hold tremendous therapeutic potential because of their unique ability to develop into several different heart cell types. Researchers are studying how CPC cells can renew themselves in mice. Theyre studying whether this renewal also occurs in humans and whether this is useful for repairing damaged hearts.

Because CPCs regenerate, scientists may be able to grow them in a dish. Its not as easy to grow cells in a lab as it is in the body they often have developmental arrest and dont mature. However, a recent discovery of the pathways that lead a fetal cell into an adult cell will enable researchers to recreate adult heart tissue in the lab, which holds tremendous potential for new heart disease treatment.

Videos Heart tissue grown in a dish

Heart tissue grown in a dish from mouse cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs). The CPCs, and the tissue they built, were engineered to produce a red protein.

View labs and centersAdult Cardiac Catheterization LabCiccarone CenterChulan Kwon LabHeart and Vascular InstituteCardiovascular Stem Cell Program

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Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology | Johns Hopkins Heart and Vascular ...

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Century Therapeutics Announces Leadership Changes

CINCINNATI, April 12, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Blue Water Vaccines Inc. (“BWV” or “Blue Water Vaccines” or the “Company”), a biopharmaceutical company developing transformational vaccines to address significant global health challenges, today announced the signing of a Sponsored Research Agreement (the “Agreement”) with The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (“UT Health Science Center San Antonio”) to fund a non-human primate (“NHP”) study to evaluate the efficacy of BWV-401, a live attenuated, orally delivered Chlamydia vaccine.

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AIM ImmunoTech Appoints Preeminent Biotechnology Pioneer, W. Neal Burnette, Ph.D., as Chairman of its Scientific Advisory Board (SAB)

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Tenax Therapeutics Provides 2023 Business Update

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Ceapro Inc. Reports Record 2022 Financial Results and Operational Highlights

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Zealand Pharma to Participate in 22nd Annual Needham Virtual Healthcare Conference

Monthly information related to total number of voting rights and shares composing the share capital _March 31, 2023.

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AB Science: Results of masitinib in ALS selected for a scientific platform presentation at the AAN 2023, including long-term survival analysis and a...

YARDLEY, Pa., April 12, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Optinose (NASDAQ:OPTN), a pharmaceutical company focused on patients treated by ear, nose and throat (ENT) and allergy specialists, today announced that members of its management team will present a company overview and business update at the Needham Virtual Healthcare Conference on April 17, 2023 at 3:45 p.m. ET.

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Optinose to Present at the Needham Virtual Healthcare Conference

H. Stewart Parker Departing from Board H. Stewart Parker Departing from Board

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Impel Pharmaceuticals Announces Appointment of Darren Cline to the Board of Directors

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MedAvail to Report Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2022 Financial Results on April 13

CAMBRIDGE, Mass., April 12, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Immuneering Corporation (Nasdaq: IMRX), a clinical-stage oncology company developing medicines for broad populations of cancer patients with an initial aim to develop a universal-RAS therapy, today announced that management will present at the 22nd Annual Needham Virtual Healthcare Conference to discuss the company’s pipeline, platform, and business strategy. Participating will be Ben Zeskind, Ph.D., Co-Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Scott Barrett, M.D., Chief Medical Officer, Brett Hall, Ph.D., Chief Scientific Officer, and Mallory Morales, CPA, Vice President of Finance, Treasurer.

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Immuneering to Present at the 22nd Annual Needham Virtual Healthcare Conference

Board of Directors unanimously recommend Vallon stockholders to vote “FOR” all proposals outlined in the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement (the “Proxy”) in order to close the proposed merger with GRI Bio, Inc.

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Vallon Pharmaceuticals Adjourns Special Meeting of Stockholders Until April 20, 2023

Hypoimmune human islet cells normalized glucose in diabetic humanized immunocompetent mouse model and avoided allogeneic and autoimmune rejection by the immune system

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